The role of context in sleep-related memory reactivation in humans

环境在人类睡眠相关记忆重新激活中的作用

• 批准号: 10729554
• 负责人: Eitan Schechtman-Drayman
• 金额: $ 24.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-12-10 至 2025-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10729554
• 关键词: Animals; Applied Research; Auditory; Award; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Biological Sciences; Brain; California; Clinical; Cognition; Complement; Comprehension; Computer Models; Computing Methodologies; Cues; Data; Data Analyses; Decision Making; Dependence; Development; Dimensions; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology (science); Event; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Goals; Hippocampus; Human; Individual; Infrastructure; Intervention; Learning; Life; Link; Literature; Memory; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mentors; Methods; Modeling; Molds; Monitor; Multivariate Analysis; Nature; Network-based; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Neurons; Odors; Participant; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Phase; Play; Population; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Process; Prognosis; Research; Retrieval; Role; Schools; Semantics; Sleep; Stimulus; Symptoms; Techniques; Testing; Training; Training Support; Trauma; Universities; Vacuum; Work; arm; career; clinically relevant; design; experience; experimental study; functional magnetic resonance imaging/electroencephalography; human model; improved; machine learning algorithm; memory consolidation; memory process; neural; neural patterning; novel; outreach; skills; sound; spatiotemporal

Project Summary The R00 phase of this project will be conducted at the University of California, Irvine in the Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, School of Biological Sciences. Sleep is crucial for memory consolidation and its benefit is most commonly thought to occur via the reactivation of memories, thereby strengthening the neural infrastructure supporting them. Theoretical accounts of sleep-related consolidation focus on the process by which memories are independently strengthened, but in natural settings individual memories never exist in a vacuum. Importantly, the context in which memories are embedded during encoding governs retrieval and decision making behavior. However, context’s role in consolidation has not been directly explored. The goal of the proposed project is to improve our fundamental understanding of memory processes by developing an empirically-based framework unifying models of context’s effect on memory and models of sleep-related consolidation (Aim 1). Additionally, the framework will be used to support translational interventions to alter memories during sleep. Aim 2 will attempt to reinstate a suppression context during sleep to effectively weaken memories. This effort will inform future work on alleviating memory-related symptoms in clinical populations suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. This project will combine novel techniques to selectively bias memory reactivation; machine-learning algorithms to decipher memory-related content from neural data; and neuroscientific methods for monitoring brain connectivity and rhythms in different regions and timescales. For Aim 1, functional MRI pattern analysis techniques will be used to reveal whether contexts, individual memories or both are reactivated during natural, undisturbed sleep. For Aim 2, the main behavioral manipulation used will be targeted memory reactivation, the unobtrusive presentation of learning-related stimuli during sleep, thereby enhancing memory. In one experiment included in Aim 2, individual memories will be embedded in a previously unrelated context during sleep: a reactivated “suppression” context (cued by an odor) will be presented with auditory cues linked to individual memories, hypothetically weakening them during sleep. An additional experiment will use a similar technique to try and alleviate distressful intrusive memories following a trauma manipulation in healthy participants. Taken together, these experiments should pave the way towards a richer understanding of the extent of memory reactivation during sleep, and toward content-specific interventions to selectively manipulate sleep, thereby improving mental health and wellbeing.

项目摘要 该项目的R 00阶段将在加州大学欧文分校生物科学学院神经生物学和行为系进行。睡眠对于记忆巩固至关重要，其益处通常被认为是通过记忆的重新激活而发生的，从而加强了支持它们的神经基础设施。与睡眠相关的巩固的理论解释集中在记忆被独立强化的过程，但在自然环境中，个体记忆永远不会存在于真空中。重要的是，在编码过程中嵌入记忆的上下文控制着检索和决策行为。然而，上下文在整合中的作用还没有被直接探讨。建议的项目的目标是提高我们的基本理解的记忆过程，通过开发一个基于图形的框架统一模型的上下文对记忆的影响和模型的睡眠相关的巩固（目标1）。此外，该框架将用于支持翻译干预，以改变睡眠期间的记忆。目标2将试图在睡眠期间恢复抑制背景，以有效地削弱记忆。这项工作将为未来减轻创伤后应激障碍临床人群记忆相关症状的工作提供信息。 该项目将结合联合收割机新技术来选择性地偏置记忆重新激活;机器学习算法从神经数据中破译记忆相关内容;以及神经科学方法来监测不同区域和时间尺度的大脑连接和节奏。对于目标1，功能性MRI模式分析技术将用于揭示在自然的、不受干扰的睡眠期间，背景、个体记忆或两者是否被重新激活。对于目标2，使用的主要行为操纵将是有针对性的记忆再激活，即在睡眠期间不引人注目地呈现与学习相关的刺激，从而增强记忆。在目标2中的一个实验中，个体记忆将在睡眠期间嵌入到先前不相关的背景中：重新激活的“抑制”背景（由气味提示）将呈现与个体记忆相关的听觉线索，假设在睡眠期间削弱它们。另一个实验将使用类似的技术来尝试减轻健康参与者在创伤操纵后的痛苦侵入记忆。总之，这些实验应该为更深入地了解睡眠期间记忆再激活的程度铺平道路，并为选择性地操纵睡眠的特定内容干预铺平道路，从而改善心理健康和福祉。