Mechanisms by Which Gender Norms Influence Drinking Behavior Among Minoritized Populations

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PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Long Term Objectives: The proposed project has two broad goals: to improve the understanding of risk processes positioning minoritized populations for elevated rates of AUD and other alcohol-related consequences; and to examine whether Latinx-specific gender norms influence the disproportionate experience of alcohol-related problems among Latinx individuals and Latino men specifically. Specific Aims: Aims of the project are to: test gender differences in alcohol risk mechanisms in a Latinx sample; examine the role of Latinx-specific gender norms in alcohol risk mechanisms; and to use integrative data analysis (IDA) to compare the role of gender norms across Black, Latinx, and non-Latinx White samples. Research Design and Method: The proposed project will consist of a two-week ecological momentary assessment (EMA) protocol with Latinx and non-Latinx Black participants. Adherence to mainstream U.S. and Latinx-specific gender norms will be assessed at baseline; daily and momentary mood, drinking motives, and alcohol outcomes will be measured via prompts completed on a smartphone app. Multi-level models will test whether gender moderates the impact of momentary mood and/or motives on alcohol outcomes as well as whether adherence to gender norms moderates the influence of momentary mood and/or motives. An IDA will pool data across these samples along with existing non-Latinx White, Latinx, and Black samples in order to test a) cultural construct validity of measures of gender norm adherence and b) differences in the predictive ability of gender norms between and within Black, Latinx, and White samples. Significance: The proposed project will advance the understanding of associations between mood, drinking motives, and alcohol outcomes among Black and Latinx populations, as well as the extent to which individual differences in culture-specific gender norms account for discrepant outcomes. The proposed project will provide the first EMA study of these associations using Latinx-specific norms and in a Latinx sample. Training Plan and Environment: The training plan will provide the applicant with health disparities, theoretical, quantitative, and practical training to facilitate a productive career as an independent multiculturally competent addiction scientist. The applicant will receive training in health disparities research, Latinx psychology, IDA methodology and pooled multilevel data analysis, multicultural approaches to addiction science, scientific writing, and writing free of biases against minoritized populations. Training will take place at the Department of Psychological Sciences at the University of Missouri, which has a world-class addiction training program supported by an NIAAA T32 (AA013526; PI: Ken Sher). The training team consists of experts in clinical (Drs. McCarthy, Pedersen) and quantitative (Dr. Merkle) research on addiction. Members of the training team also have expertise in Latinx psychology and the study of factors related to Latinx individuals’ and women’s lived experiences (Dr. Flores) as well as the impact of masculine norms and gender role conflict (Dr. Sánchez).