Metabolic effects of cooper in renal cancer

铜在肾癌中的代谢作用

• 批准号: 10792732
• 负责人: Maria F Czyzyk-Krzeska
• 金额: $ 57.85万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-20 至 2028-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10792732
• 关键词: Adjuvant Therapy; Anabolism; Automobile Driving; Biochemical; Biological Markers; Biological Models; COX7A2L gene; Carbon; Cardiolipins; Cell Death; Cell Death Induction; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cells; Chronic; Citric Acid Cycle; Clear cell renal cell carcinoma; Clinical; Coenzymes; Complex; Copper; Coupled; Data; Development; Electron Transport; Enzymes; Event; Excision; Exposure to; Genetic; Glucose; Glycolysis; Growth; Human; Hydrogen Sulfide; Inner mitochondrial membrane; Investigation; Knowledge; Lipids; Malignant - descriptor; Metabolic; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolism; Metals; Mitochondria; Modeling; Molecular; Oncogenic; Operative Surgical Procedures; Pathogenicity; Pathway interactions; Patients; Pharmacotherapy; Phenotype; Phospholipids; Play; Process; Protein Family; Proteins; Regulation; Relapse; Renal Cell Carcinoma; Renal carcinoma; Research; Respiration; Respiratory physiology; Role; Source; System; Testing; Therapeutic; Therapeutic Intervention; Tumor Suppressor Proteins; Work; Xenograft Model; auxotrophy; cancer cell; cancer therapy; clinical application; cytochrome c oxidase; dietary; experimental study; inhibitor; insight; mitochondrial metabolism; novel; oxidation; preclinical trial; pyruvate dehydrogenase; relapse patients; respiratory; small molecule; standard of care; targeted treatment; transcription factor; tumor; tumor growth; tumor progression; uptake

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a frequent and malignant renal cancer with a glycolytic phenotype due to the loss of VHL tumor suppressor and activation of HIF transcription factors. Up to 50% of patients relapse within five years after surgical resection. Thus, there is an urgent clinical need to understand the molecular mechanisms leading to ccRCC relapse and advancement. Pathogenic mechanisms underlying ccRCC progression represent a key knowledge gap. Our recent discoveries demonstrate a copper accumulation in advanced ccRCC. In this proposal, we interrogate impact for copper-dependent metabolic reprogramming in driving ccRCC progression. Copper (Cu) is a metal cofactor of enzymes, including cytochrome c oxidase complex (CuCOX) essential for mitochondrial respiration, and a metalloallosteric regulator of cell proliferation and survival. Using patients’ primary ccRCCs, we found accumulation of Cu and increased CuCOX strongly correlated with advanced ccRCC and relapse. In cell line xenograft models, functional evidence shows that dietary Cu drives growth of tumors and stimulates formation of CuCOX in cancer cells. We discovered that Cu enhances electron transfer chain (ETC) activity with important functional consequences. High Cu induces (i) assembly of the respiratory supercomplex (RSC) associated with regulatory subunit, COX7A2L, and (ii) accumulation and remodeling of cardiolipins (CLs), phospholipids of the inner mitochondrial membrane necessary for ETC activity. Surprisingly, despite glycolytic phenotype, Cu-reprogrammed cells recover mitochondrial respiration, become hyperdependent on glucose and on the activity of CuCOX, and therefore are highly sensitive to CuCOX inhibitors, including hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Importantly, we discovered that the endocytic process of macropinocytosis is responsible for major proportion of Cu uptake by renal cancer cells. Small molecules that function as donors of H2S are in preclinical trials, while inhibitors of MP are developed for pharmacotherapies, prompting investigation of these pathways as targets for therapeutic interventions. We propose that chronic accumulation of Cu in RCC cells promotes glucose oxidation via TCA cycle and ETC activity causing glucose auxotrophy and stimulating bioenergy and biosynthesis required for tumor growth. To determine the source of Cu, we will investigate macropinocytosis as little understood but major mechanism of Cu uptake and its role in allocation of Cu to CuCOX (Aim 1). To understand Cu-dependent regulation of ETC activity, we will investigate mechanisms of RSC formation, cardiolipin synthesis and the flux of glucose carbon (Aim 2). Finally, because Cu-reprogramming creates new functional vulnerability to CuCOX inhibitors, we will investigate effects of H2S in cell death and tumor formation (Aim 3). We will use several model systems, including RCC cells, ex-vivo tumor fragments and patient derived tumor grafts. The study will identify basic mechanisms by which high level of Cu in cancer cells regulate their metabolism supporting tumor growth. The research will lead to the development of new biomarkers and therapies for cancer

透明细胞肾细胞癌（ccRCC）是一种常见的恶性肾癌，具有糖酵解表型，这是由于 VHL 肿瘤抑制因子的丧失和 HIF 转录因子的激活。高达50%的患者复发 手术切除后五年内。因此，临床迫切需要了解分子机制 导致 ccRCC 复发和进展的机制。 ccRCC的致病机制 进展代表了一个关键的知识差距。我们最近的发现表明铜在 高级 ccRCC。在这项提案中，我们探讨了铜依赖性代谢重编程的影响 推动 ccRCC 进展。铜 (Cu) 是酶的金属辅助因子，包括细胞色素 C 氧化酶 线粒体呼吸所必需的复合物 (CuCOX) 和细胞增殖的金属变构调节剂 和生存。使用患者的原发性 ccRCC，我们发现 Cu 的积累和 CuCOX 的强烈增加 与晚期 ccRCC 和复发相关。在细胞系异种移植模型中，功能证据表明 饮食中的铜会促进肿瘤生长并刺激癌细胞中铜环氧化物的形成。我们发现铜 增强电子传递链 (ETC) 活性，具有重要的功能后果。高铜诱导 (i) 与调节亚基 COX7A2L 相关的呼吸超复合物 (RSC) 的组装，以及 (ii) 心磷脂 (CL)、线粒体内膜磷脂的积累和重塑 ETC 活动所必需的。令人惊讶的是，尽管有糖酵解表型，Cu 重编程细胞却恢复了 线粒体呼吸，变得高度依赖葡萄糖和 CuCOX 的活性，因此 对 CuCOX 抑制剂高度敏感，包括硫化氢 (H2S)。重要的是，我们发现 巨胞饮作用的内吞过程是肾癌细胞摄取大部分铜的原因。 作为 H2S 供体的小分子正在进行临床前试验，而 MP 抑制剂则用于开发 药物疗法，促使将这些途径作为治疗干预的目标进行研究。我们 提出 RCC 细胞中 Cu 的长期积累通过 TCA 循环和 ETC 活性促进葡萄糖氧化 引起葡萄糖营养缺陷并刺激肿瘤生长所需的生物能和生物合成。确定 Cu 的来源，我们将研究巨胞饮作用，这是人们对 Cu 吸收的主要机制知之甚少的 及其在 Cu 向 CuCOX 分配中的作用（目标 1）。为了了解 ETC 活性的 Cu 依赖性调节，我们 将研究 RSC 形成、心磷脂合成和葡萄糖碳通量的机制（目标 2）。 最后，由于 Cu 重编程对 CuCOX 抑制剂产生了新的功能脆弱性，因此我们将研究 H2S 对细胞死亡和肿瘤形成的影响（目标 3）。我们将使用多个模型系统，包括 RCC 细胞、离体肿瘤碎片和患者来源的肿瘤移植物。该研究将通过以下方式确定基本机制： 癌细胞中高含量的铜可调节其代谢，支持肿瘤生长。该研究将引领 开发新的癌症生物标志物和疗法