Identifying genetic and sociodemographic determinants of susceptibility to infectious diseases in diverse population groups

确定不同人群中传染病易感性的遗传和社会人口学决定因素

• 批准号: 10795339
• 负责人: Samira Asgari
• 金额: $ 25.35万
• 依托单位: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-17 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10795339
• 关键词: Accounting; Affect; Behavioral; Biology; COVID-19 disparity; Categories; Code; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Complex; Data; Data Set; Development; Diagnostic tests; Disease; Disparity; Economics; Electronic Health Record; Environmental Risk Factor; Equity; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic Population; Future; Gene Expression; Genetic; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic Risk; Genome; Genomic Segment; Genotype; Geography; Goals; HIV; HIV/AIDS; Health Policy; Hepatitis; Human; Human Genetics; Inequality; Justice; Life Style; Malaria; Names; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Population Group; Population Heterogeneity; Positioning Attribute; Predisposition; Prevalence; Public Health; Race; Rare Diseases; Recording of previous events; Research Personnel; Residual state; Resources; Respiratory Tract Infections; Risk Factors; Role; Sepsis; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Shapes; Societies; Socioeconomic Status; Stratification; Structural Racism; Structure; Surveys; Susceptibility Gene; Testing; Tuberculosis; Variant; Work; admixture mapping; biobank; burden of illness; clinical care; cohort; disease phenotype; epidemiology study; ethnic difference; ethnic disparity; ethnic minority; experience; genetic analysis; genetic risk factor; genetic variant; genome sequencing; genome wide association study; health care availability; health disparity; human genomics; improved; in silico; insight; inter-individual variation; low socioeconomic status; novel; novel diagnostics; novel marker; novel therapeutics; pathogen; racial difference; racial disparity; racial minority; rare variant; risk variant; social disparities; sociodemographic factors; sociodemographic variables; sociodemographics; socioeconomics; whole genome

PROJECT SUMMARY Racial/ethnic disparities in infectious disease burden are common and can exacerbate existing social inequalities. Beyond the question of justice, health disparities have major economic consequences that can affect everyone in society. Previous studies have established the role of both environmental factors (e.g. healthcare access, socioeconomic status, lifestyle, and structural racism, to name a few) and human genetic factors in susceptibility to infectious diseases. However, systematic and comprehensive assessment of both sociodemographic and genetic factors that underlie ethnic/racial disparities in infectious disease is lacking. Filling this gap is important for both clinical care and public health. To this end, here we will leverage the genetic, electronic health records, and survey data from the All of US biobank to test the hypothesis that human genetic factors can contribute to racial/ethnic disparities in infectious disease burden independently of sociodemographic risk factors through the following aims: Aim 1: To identify demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, and environmental factors that contribute to racial/ethnic disparities in infectious disease prevalence. In this aim, we will perform a comprehensive assessment of 227 demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, and environmental variables, collected through All of US surveys, on the prevalence of 336 infectious disease phenotypes across fine-scale, genetically-defined population communities. At the end of this aim, we will know which infectious diseases are enriched or depleted in which fine-scale racial/ethnic communities and which demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, and environmental variables are the main contributors to these disparities. Aim 2: To identify human genetic factors that contribute to racial/ethnic disparities in infectious disease prevalence. In this aim, we will perform in-depth analyses of genetic variants that can be associated with infectious disease prevalence. We will use complementary approaches to assess common and rare genetic variants. This aim will lead to the discovery of novel infectious disease susceptibility loci and risk variants. We will perform in silico functional analysis to gain insight to the function of these variants. In the short term, this study will result in identifying sociodemographic and genetic risk factors that underlie racial/ethnic disparities in infectious diseases and understanding their relative contribution to disease prevalence. Moreover, this project enhances our understanding of infectious disease biology and the genetic factors that affect interindividual variability in susceptibility to specific pathogens. In the long term, the results of this project can help the development of new public health policies or new diagnostic tests or drugs for infectious diseases.

项目总结