Evaluation of the Philadelphia Smart Street Lighting Initiative

费城智能街道照明计划的评估

• 批准号: 10811210
• 负责人: Aaron James Chalfin
• 金额: $ 68.92万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-20 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10811210
• 关键词: Authorization documentation; Black race; Cities; Communities; Controlled Study; Crime; Criminology; Disadvantaged; Disadvantaged minority; Disparate; Economics; Effectiveness; Environment; Epidemic; Equity; Evaluation; Experimental Designs; Feeling; Firearms; Guns; Infrastructure; Intervention; Investments; Justice; Knowledge; Light; Lighting; Location; Mediating; Meta-Analysis; Methods; Modeling; Municipalities; Neighborhoods; New York City; Outcome; Phase; Philadelphia; Policy Maker; Prevention strategy; Public Health; Public Housing; Quasi-experiment; Research; Resources; Risk; Safety; Social Change; Spottings; Testing; Time; Violence; Work; assault; authority; built environment; cost; cost effectiveness; economic disparity; energy efficiency; experimental study; gun violence; implementation evaluation; improved; innovation; light effects; member; neighborhood disadvantage; response; robbery; theories; weapons

Project Summary A controlled trial evaluation of the Philly Streetlight Improvement Project Firearm violence, especially within urban neighborhoods of concentrated disadvantage, is a persistent public health problem in the US. There is a growing body of experimental evidence that place-based interventions that improve the built environment can help curb gun violence. Experimental and quasi-experimental evaluations show that street lighting, a common municipal investment, is effective at reducing violence8-10 Yet, the effectiveness of a permanent citywide improvement in street lighting has never been scientifically tested. Understanding whether improvements in street lighting can have an impact on gun violence at scale is of critical value to policymakers who must decide how to allocate scarce resources among many different crime control strategies. Building on our prior experimental and quasi-experimental studies, we propose to conduct the first citywide quasi-experimental study of the installation of energy-efficient “smart” street lighting and its potential impact on shootings, gun assault, robberies with firearms, and weapons offenses. This will be the first multi-year study of the benefits upgrading street lighting on gun violence across multiple neighborhoods and can inform other cities that are looking for place-based investments that can help curb the epidemic levels of gun violence impacting neighborhoods of concentrated disadvantage in US cities. In the first phase of the project we will study changes in gun violence outcomes in the 12 months before and after the installation of new street lights on 300 blocks compared to 900 blocks that have yet to have lights installed and have comparable pre-existing monthly levels of gun violence. In the second phase of the project we will estimate the citywide impact by estimating a difference-in-differences regression for approximately 40,000 blocks in the city that have new street lights installed between years 2023-2025. Key covariates will also be accounted in the difference-in-differences regression models as well as adjustments for multiple testing. Critically, our research will also involve qualitative assessments of the implementation of street lights and a partnership with the Urban Affairs Coalition to assess whether street lighting upgrades help to facilitate equity and feelings of safety to economically disadvantaged neighborhoods.

项目摘要 费城路灯改善项目的对照试验评估 枪支暴力，特别是在劣势集中的城市社区内， 在美国是一个持久的公共卫生问题。有越来越多的实验性的 有证据表明，改善建筑环境的场所干预措施可以帮助遏制枪支 暴力。实验和准实验评估表明，街道照明是一种常见的 市政投资，在减少暴力方面是有效的8-10，但效果是永久性的 全市范围内街道照明的改善从未经过科学测试。理解 街道照明的改善是否能对大规模的枪支暴力产生影响 对政策制定者来说至关重要，他们必须决定如何在许多 不同的犯罪控制策略。在我们先前实验和准实验的基础上 研究，我们建议进行第一次全市范围内的准实验研究的安装 节能型智能路灯及其对枪击、枪击、 持枪抢劫和持枪犯罪。这将是第一次多年的研究 有利于升级多个社区的枪支暴力街道照明，并可以向 其他城市正在寻找基于地点的投资，以帮助遏制疫情水平 枪支暴力影响着美国城市中处于集中劣势的社区。 在项目的第一阶段，我们将研究12年枪支暴力结果的变化 在300个街区安装新路灯之前和之后的几个月，而在安装新路灯之前和之后的月份为900个 尚未安装照明设备，并且具有类似的先前每月水平的 枪支暴力。在项目的第二阶段，我们将通过以下方式评估对全市的影响 对该市约40,000个街区进行差异差回归估计 在2023-2025年间安装新的路灯。关键的协变量也将是 考虑了差异差回归模型以及对多个因素的调整 测试。关键的是，我们的研究还将涉及对以下各项执行情况的定性评估 路灯和与城市事务联盟的伙伴关系，以评估路灯是否 升级有助于促进经济弱势群体的公平和安全感 邻里关系。