Error-enhanced learning & recovery in 2 & 3 dimensions

错误增强学习

• 批准号: 7637876
• 负责人: James Lanphier Patton
• 金额: $ 30.6万
• 依托单位: REHABILITATION INSTITUTE OF CHICAGO D/B/A SHIRLEY RYAN ABILITYLAB
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-01 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7637876
• 关键词: Area; Articular Range of Motion; Bypass; Chronic; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Computers; Cutaneous; Data; Development; Devices; Dimensions; Educational process of instructing; Feedback; Force of Gravity; Future; Goals; Grant; Hand; Hazardous Substances; Human; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Limb structure; Mechanics; Medical Economics; Methods; Mind; Modeling; Motor; Movement; Music; Pattern; Performance; Population; Process; Prosthesis; Recovery; Rehabilitation therapy; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Robot; Robotics; Space Explorations; Speed; Sports; Stroke; Study Subject; Survivors; System; Teaching Method; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Upper Extremity; Vision; Visual; Weight; Work; base; brain machine interface; clinical application; design; efficacy testing; exoskeleton; functional restoration; haptics; hemiparesis; improved; novel; programs; research study; restoration; robotic device; theories; two-dimensional; virtual reality

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One of the most pervasive problems for stroke survivors is movement deficits. Recent research strongly supports prolonged practice of functionally-relevant activities of the upper limb, even though therapy time is quite limited by the current medical economic system. This grant focuses on new developments in human- robot interactions (haptics) that have revealed prospects in the areas of motor teaching and rehabilitation. Specialized robotic devices combined with computer-displays can tirelessly exert force, augment feedback, and redirect error in order to speed up, enhance, or trigger the motor relearning process. These approaches could extend and greatly enhance the recovery process. The first strategy that often comes to mind for teaching movements is to guide the limb along the desired path. However, a promising alternative approach is to make movements more difficult by deflecting them from the desired path. People develop, through practice, the ability to counteract forces that distort the mechanical world, and if these forces are properly designed and applied, a desired movement pattern occurs when the forces are eventually switched off. We and others have also obtained similar results by distorting the visual world using prisms or virtual reality displays. In these studies, the subject sees something unexpected that is perceived as an error. Our results point to a single unifying theory: Errors induce learning, and judicious error augmentation (through forces or visual distortions) can lead to lasting desired changes. Interestingly, this process appears to bypass conventional learning mechanisms that require intense concentration - results are the same if the subjects have a conversation or listen to music. They often consider it a game. Until now very little of this research has been functionally relevant because the devices' ranges of motion were small, were two dimensional, and were lacking an appropriate visual interface. Three dimensional movements introduce the daunting new challenge of gravitational effects that could reduce (or perhaps heighten) the potential of error augmentation training. Our lab has spent several years developing a large- workspace, three dimensional haptics/graphics system. The aims of this grant are to build on our promising body of evidence and expand our error augmentation training work to a large workspace in three dimensions. Accordingly, the experiments below further refine our understanding of error augmentation (Aim 1), expand our approaches to three dimensions (Aim 2), and then move towards clinical application by testing our approaches on stroke survivors (Aim 3).

描述（由申请人提供）：中风幸存者最普遍的问题之一是运动障碍。最近的研究强烈支持上肢功能相关活动的长期实践，即使治疗时间受到当前医疗经济体系的限制。该资助重点关注人类-机器人交互（触觉）的新发展，这些发展揭示了运动教学和康复领域的前景。专门的机器人设备与计算机显示器相结合，可以不知疲倦地施加力量，增强反馈，并重新定向错误，以加速，增强或触发运动再学习过程。这些办法可以扩大和大大加强恢复进程。第一个经常想到的教学策略是引导肢体沿着所需的路径。然而，一个有前途的替代方法是通过使肢体偏离所需的路径来增加动作的难度。通过练习，人们培养了对抗扭曲机械世界的力量的能力，如果这些力量被正确地设计和应用，当力最终被切断时，出现期望的运动模式。我们和其他人也通过使用棱镜或虚拟现实显示器扭曲视觉世界获得了类似的结果。在这些研究中，受试者看到了一些意想不到的东西，被认为是错误的。我们的研究结果指向一个统一的理论：错误诱导学习，明智的错误增强（通过力量或视觉扭曲）可以导致持久的预期变化。有趣的是，这个过程似乎绕过了需要高度集中注意力的传统学习机制--如果受试者进行对话或听音乐，结果是一样的。他们经常认为这是一场游戏。到目前为止，这项研究很少与功能相关，因为设备的运动范围很小，是二维的，并且缺乏适当的视觉界面。三维运动引入了令人生畏的新挑战，即重力效应，这可能会减少（或可能提高）错误增强训练的潜力。我们的实验室花了几年时间开发了一个大工作空间的三维触觉/图形系统。这笔赠款的目的是建立在我们有前途的证据基础上，并将我们的错误增强培训工作扩展到三维的大型工作空间。因此，下面的实验进一步完善了我们对错误增加的理解（目标1），将我们的方法扩展到三维（目标2），然后通过测试我们对中风幸存者的方法（目标3）走向临床应用。