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IL-27 elicited antibodies: A novel means to control persistent Arenavirus infection

IL-27 引发抗体：控制持续性沙粒病毒感染的新方法

基本信息

批准号：
9204389
负责人：
John Ross Teijaro
金额：
$ 48.13万
依托单位：
SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-01-15 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9204389
关键词：
Acute Affect Africa Animal Model Antibodies Antiviral Agents Applications Grants Arenaviridae Infections Arenavirus Infections B-Lymphocytes Biological Response Modifiers CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes Cell physiology Cone Data Defect Development Disease Disease Outbreaks Ebola virus Environment Equilibrium Family Functional disorder Generations Health Care Costs Helper-Inducer T-Lymphocyte Human IgG1 Immune Immune response Immunoglobulin G Immunosuppressive Agents Infection Infection Control Interleukin-10 Interleukin-6 Life Light Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Modeling Mus Nature Outcome Plasma Play Production Property Public Health Role Signal Transduction Study models T cell response T-Lymphocyte Time Translating Vaccine Design Viral Viral Antibodies Virus Virus Diseases adaptive immune response antiviral immunity base combat cytokine exhaustion in vivo member neglect novel public health relevance purge response therapy design

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Persistent virus infections cause disease in hundreds of millions of people and exert constant strain on the global economy due to healthcare costs. While progress has been made towards understanding mechanisms that allow viruses to persist, therapies to control persistent viruses are not optimal due an incomplete understanding of the factors involved in virus persistence. One common theme that accompanies virus persistence is an exhaustive or hypo-responsive state of adaptive immune response. This phenomenon was first described using the staple animal model for studying virus persistence, Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV), in its natural mouse host and extended to human persistent infections. Using this model, it was revealed that a balance between positive and negative immune regulatory molecules is essential to purge virus infection. One of the most extensively studied mechanisms contributing to virus persistence has been T cell exhaustion, which is potentiated by negative immune regulatory molecules such as IL-10 and PD-1. Interestingly, the absence of two positive immune regulatory molecules, IL-6 and IL-21, result in the inability to control persistent virus infection. These molecules are known to be important for B cell function. However, studies on whether B cells also control persistent virus infection have been neglected and their role remains unknown. A newly discovered member of the IL-6 family, IL-27, modulates both B and T cell responses during infection. However, few studies have examined how IL-27 affects antiviral immune responses. I began studying how IL-27 deletion affects the outcome of both acute and persistent LCMV infection. I made the observation that IL-27-deficiency resulted in prolonged LCMV clone-13 persistence. Prolonged virus persistence in IL-27-/- mice correlated with defects in both T and B cell responses. Virus specific T cells in IL- 27-/- mice displayed exacerbated T cell exhaustion following clone-13 infection. Moreover, I discovered that IL- 27-/- mice made elevated levels of IgG1 with minimal production of IgG2a, compared to predominant production of IgG2a in IL-27+/+ hosts. I further demonstrated that development of plasma B cells (the major antibody producers) and anti-LCMV IgG production is required to control clone-13 infection, indicating that antibody likely plays an important role in controlling persistent virus infection. This grant proposal aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which IL-27-deficiency leads to prolonged LCMV persistence. The aims are focused on understanding how IL-27 contributes to altered antiviral T and B cell responses and whether IL-27 signaling on T or B cells is essential to purge persistent LCMV infection. The absence of IgG2a production during persistent virus infection in IL-27-deficient mice suggests that IL-27- dependent induction of IgG2a may be essential to control persistent virus infection. The possibility that a specific antibody isotype may be essential to purge persistent virus infection i novel and will be investigated within this proposal.