Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS) in Kentucky: Improving Outcomes for Infants

肯塔基州新生儿阿片类药物戒断综合症 (NOWS)：改善婴儿的预后

• 批准号: 10380355
• 负责人: Lori Ann Devlin-Phinney
• 金额: $ 46.55万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-17 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10380355
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adjuvant Analgesic; Affect; Caring; Child; Childhood; Clinic; Clinical; Clinical Nursing Research; Clinical Pharmacology; Clinical Practice Guideline; Clinical Research; Clinical Trials; Clinical Trials Network; Collaborations; Communities; Community Healthcare; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology); Country; Data Analyses; Development; Dose; Enrollment; Ensure; Evaluation; Family; Female of child bearing age; Fetal Development; Frequencies; Geography; Goals; Health; Health Personnel; Healthcare Systems; Hospitalization; Hospitals; Infant; Infant Care; Infrastructure; Kentucky; Leadership; Length of Stay; Life; Medical; Medical Care Team; Mothers; Multi-Institutional Clinical Trial; Multi-site clinical study; Neonatal; Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome; Neonatal Intensive Care Units; Newborn Infant; Opioid; Outcome; Patient Recruitments; Patients; Pharmacological Treatment; Pharmacology; Play; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Psychotropic Drugs; Public Health; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Role; Rural; Sample Size; Scientist; Site; Solid; Standardization; Stress; Time; Treatment Protocols; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Variant; Visit; Withdrawal; Work; behavioral outcome; care outcomes; clinical care; clinical practice; clinical research site; clinically relevant; comparative effectiveness trial; compare effectiveness; control trial; data sharing; design; effective therapy; evidence base; experience; follow-up; high risk; improved; improved outcome; infant outcome; member; neonate; opioid epidemic; opioid misuse; opioid use; opioid use in pregnancy; optimal treatments; outreach; pediatric department; pediatrician; prenatal exposure; programs; prospective; recruit; rural area; rural underserved; standard of care; suburb; underserved area; urban underserved

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The medical and non-medical use of opioids and other psychoactive drugs in women of childbearing age is a significant public health concern in the United States. Prolonged in utero exposure of the developing fetus to maternal opioids often results in Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS) after delivery. Infants with NOWS may have mild signs of withdrawal that minimally impact their ability to function or they may have significant withdrawal that requires a prolonged course of pharmacologic therapy and a lengthy newborn hospital stay which stresses families, communities, and the healthcare system. Prolonged hospitalization may result in decreased maternal and infant bonding and attachment and have a negative impact on neurodevelopmental and behavioral outcomes of affected children. The prevalence of opioid use during pregnancy and the subsequent occurrence of NOWS after delivery is disproportionately higher in rural and underserved areas. Kentucky is a highly rural and underserved state and has an estimated rate of NOWS that is approximately three times the national average. Despite the significance of this problem, the clinical care for neonates with NOWS is complicated by a lack of nationally accepted standardized approaches which leads to significant site-to-site variation. Such variation is due in part to a lack of generalizable evidence to inform clinical practice. Previous research has been limited by both small sample sizes, due to difficulty with recruitment and retention, and inherent limitations in study designs. In order to identify the most effective treatment and thereby optimize the care of infants with NOWS, a direct comparison of pharmacologic treatment regimens in a generalizable population is urgently needed. Collaboration with local community partners and with other clinical sites will be undertaken within the proposed research consortium to design, implement, and conduct a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial. The goal of the trial is to provide a direct comparison of pharmacologic treatment for infants with NOWS, account for confounding variables such as non-pharmacologic care and adjuvant medications and evaluate neurodevelopmental and behavioral outcomes in the first years of life. The anticipated results of this RCT will be highly generalizable to improve care for infants with NOWS in KY and throughout the nation.

项目总结/文摘