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A comprehensive whole genome sequence scan for positive selection in southern Africa

A comprehensive whole genome sequence scan for positive selection in southern Africa
对南部非洲进行全面的全基因组序列扫描以进行正选择
批准号:
10732789
负责人:
Caitlin Uren
金额:
$9.74万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2023
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
未结题
起止时间:
2023-07-21 至 2026-04-30

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PROJECT SUMMARY An African origin for modern humans and the vast genetic diversity in the region is irrefutable. Within Africa, southern Africa is home to the some of the oldest and most diverse extant human populations world-wide. These populations, the KhoeSan, reside predominantly in the north-western parts of South Africa and throughout Namibia and Botswana. In previous work (PMID 27474727), I and two of my mentors showed that fine-scale genetic population structure between these KhoeSan populations reflects ecogeographical boundaries. In addition to this unique KhoeSan ancestry, populations in southern Africa have been shaped by numerous migrations from within Africa (e.g. Bantu-speaking peoples) and outside Africa (notably European and Asian populations). Thus, the patterns of diversity observed in this area is unique with no comparable regions elsewhere in the world. These southern African populations went on to further adapt to their new environment which was plagued by disease, resource limitations and harsh climates. The role of positive selection in this adaption, remains unknown. Using one of the largest whole genome sequencing dataset collections encompassing numerous southern African populations, we aim to: 1) scan these datasets for signals of positive selection and 2) evaluate the functional, biological and potentially translational implications of these signals. This project will be the largest and most comprehensive single study of natural selection on the African continent. The methods developed in this study will inform future scans for natural selection in heterogenous, admixed African populations. Furthermore, the findings will provide insights into how adaptation to the environment has shaped human genomes and in turn, various phenotypes in this unique part of Africa - these results could be informative to all populations with African ancestry.
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