Diversity Supplement: The Role of Executive Functioning in the Health of Adolescents at-risk for Type 2 Diabetes

多样性补充：执行功能在 2 型糖尿病高危青少年健康中的作用

• 批准号: 10731494
• 负责人: LAUREN BERGER SHOMAKER
• 金额: $ 2.23万
• 依托单位: COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-07 至 2027-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10731494
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Award; Behavior; Behavioral; Color; Data; Dedications; Development; Development Plans; Effectiveness; Female Adolescents; Future; Goals; Health behavior; Health behavior change; Individual; Institution; Intervention; Knowledge; Life Style; Mentors; Morbidity - disease rate; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Neurocognitive; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Persons; Physical activity; Prevention; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Role; Scientist; Stress; Time; Training; Variant; Vulnerable Populations; adaptive intervention; adolescent health; career development; executive function; falls; lifestyle intervention; medical complication; mortality; novel; premature; prevent; preventive intervention; programs; research and development; skills; theories

Project Summary Adolescent-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) is on the rise and a leading cause of severe medical complications, premature morbidity, and early mortality, particularly among adolescent girls of color. Treatment is challenging, making prevention a high priority. Yet, standard lifestyle interventions aimed at preventing T2D show insufficient effectiveness. Extant interventions likely fall short, at least in part, because they primarily focus on directly modifying health behaviors (e.g., physical activity), without addressing the role of broader, developmentally-salient core principles that propel health behavior change. It is critical to identify novel modifiable targets. Extant theory and empirical data suggest that one such target is executive functioning (EF), a set of neurocognitive skills key for executing goal-directed behavior. The aims of this Diversity Supplement application are 1) to examine within-person EF and stress as antecedents of same day and next day changes in physical activity, and 2) to characterize temporal dynamics between EF, stress, and physical activity. Knowledge gained from completion of this project will help guide the development and optimization of future, tailored T2D preventive interventions that leverage neurocognitive processes and the promise of “just-in-time” adaptive interventions (i.e., tailored interventions that provide the right type and amount of support, at the right time, based on an individual’s real-time internal state) as a supplement or alternative to traditional lifestyle approaches. This 2-year Diversity Supplement will also support the career development and research program of the candidate, an early-stage diverse investigator, by providing specialized training and access to outstanding mentors, the resources of premier research institutions, and a committed team dedicated to advancing the training and development of promising behavioral scientists. Together, the research and career development plans outlined in this proposal will allow Dr. Gutierrez-Colina to develop a programmatic line of research and the skills necessary for the submission of a future NIDDK career development (K) award that will facilitate her transition to independence.

项目摘要 青少年发病的2型糖尿病（T2 D）呈上升趋势，并且是严重医学疾病的主要原因。 并发症、过早发病和过早死亡，特别是在 颜色.治疗具有挑战性，因此预防成为高度优先事项。然而，标准的生活方式 旨在预防2型糖尿病的干预措施效果不足。现有干预措施可能 至少部分原因是它们主要集中在直接改变健康行为上 (e.g.,身体活动），而没有解决更广泛的，发展突出的核心作用 推动健康行为改变的原则。确定新的可修改目标至关重要。 现有的理论和经验数据表明，其中一个目标是执行功能（EF）， 神经认知技能是执行目标导向行为的关键。多样性的目的 补充应用是：1）检查人内EF和压力作为相同的前因 第一天和第二天的身体活动的变化，以及2）表征时间动态 EF、压力和体力活动之间的关系。从完成本项目中获得的知识将 帮助指导未来T2 D预防干预措施的开发和优化 利用神经认知过程和“及时”适应性干预的承诺， (i.e.,量身定制的干预措施，在正确的时间提供正确类型和数量的支持， 基于个人的实时内部状态）作为传统的 生活方式接近。这两年的多元化补充也将支持职业发展 和研究计划的候选人，一个早期阶段的多元化调查，通过提供 专业培训和获得优秀的导师，一流的研究资源 机构，以及致力于推进培训和发展的团队， 有前途的行为科学家同时，研究和职业发展计划概述 该提案将使Gutierrez-Colina博士能够开发一系列项目研究， 提交未来NIDDK职业发展（K）奖所需的技能， 这将有助于她向独立过渡。