Diversity Supplement: The Role of Executive Functioning in the Health of Adolescents at-risk for Type 2 Diabetes

多样性补充：执行功能在 2 型糖尿病高危青少年健康中的作用

• 批准号: 10731494
• 负责人: LAUREN BERGER SHOMAKER
• 金额: $ 2.23万
• 依托单位: COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-07 至 2027-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10731494
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Award; Behavior; Behavioral; Color; Data; Dedications; Development; Development Plans; Effectiveness; Female Adolescents; Future; Goals; Health behavior; Health behavior change; Individual; Institution; Intervention; Knowledge; Life Style; Mentors; Morbidity - disease rate; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Neurocognitive; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Persons; Physical activity; Prevention; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Role; Scientist; Stress; Time; Training; Variant; Vulnerable Populations; adaptive intervention; adolescent health; career development; executive function; falls; lifestyle intervention; medical complication; mortality; novel; premature; prevent; preventive intervention; programs; research and development; skills; theories

Project Summary Adolescent-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) is on the rise and a leading cause of severe medical complications, premature morbidity, and early mortality, particularly among adolescent girls of color. Treatment is challenging, making prevention a high priority. Yet, standard lifestyle interventions aimed at preventing T2D show insufficient effectiveness. Extant interventions likely fall short, at least in part, because they primarily focus on directly modifying health behaviors (e.g., physical activity), without addressing the role of broader, developmentally-salient core principles that propel health behavior change. It is critical to identify novel modifiable targets. Extant theory and empirical data suggest that one such target is executive functioning (EF), a set of neurocognitive skills key for executing goal-directed behavior. The aims of this Diversity Supplement application are 1) to examine within-person EF and stress as antecedents of same day and next day changes in physical activity, and 2) to characterize temporal dynamics between EF, stress, and physical activity. Knowledge gained from completion of this project will help guide the development and optimization of future, tailored T2D preventive interventions that leverage neurocognitive processes and the promise of “just-in-time” adaptive interventions (i.e., tailored interventions that provide the right type and amount of support, at the right time, based on an individual’s real-time internal state) as a supplement or alternative to traditional lifestyle approaches. This 2-year Diversity Supplement will also support the career development and research program of the candidate, an early-stage diverse investigator, by providing specialized training and access to outstanding mentors, the resources of premier research institutions, and a committed team dedicated to advancing the training and development of promising behavioral scientists. Together, the research and career development plans outlined in this proposal will allow Dr. Gutierrez-Colina to develop a programmatic line of research and the skills necessary for the submission of a future NIDDK career development (K) award that will facilitate her transition to independence.

项目概要 青少年发病的 2 型糖尿病 (T2D) 呈上升趋势，是导致严重医疗问题的主要原因 并发症、过早发病和过早死亡，特别是在青少年女孩中 颜色。治疗具有挑战性，预防是重中之重。然而，标准的生活方式 旨在预防 T2D 的干预措施效果不足。现有干预措施可能 至少部分是达不到要求的，因为它们主要关注于直接改变健康行为 （例如身体活动），没有解决更广泛的、具有发展意义的核心核心的作用 推动健康行为改变的原则。识别新的可修改目标至关重要。 现有的理论和经验数据表明，这样的目标之一是执行功能（EF）， 执行目标导向行为的关键神经认知技能。这种多样性的目标 补充应用程序是 1) 检查个人 EF 和压力作为相同的前因 当天和第二天身体活动的变化，以及 2) 表征时间动态 EF、压力和体力活动之间的关系。完成该项目所获得的知识将 帮助指导未来定制 T2D 预防干预措施的开发和优化 利用神经认知过程和“及时”适应性干预的承诺 （即，在正确的时间提供正确类型和数量的支持的量身定制的干预措施， 基于个人的实时内部状态）作为传统的补充或替代 生活方式的方法。这个为期 2 年的多元化补充计划也将支持职业发展 候选人（早期多元化研究者）的研究计划，通过提供 专业培训和接触杰出导师的机会、一流研究的资源 机构和一支致力于推进培训和发展的忠诚团队 有前途的行为科学家。概述了研究和职业发展计划 在此提案中，Gutierrez-Colina 博士将能够开发一条有计划的研究路线， 提交未来 NIDDK 职业发展 (K) 奖项所需的技能 将有助于她过渡到独立。