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Establishing Intervention Priorities for Nonverbal Communication in Autistic Adults

确定成人自闭症患者非语言交流的干预重点

基本信息

批准号：
10705198
负责人：
Ashley Brooke de Marchena
金额：
$ 20.12万
依托单位：
DREXEL UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-15 至 2025-07-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10705198
关键词：
Address Adult Age Area Autism Diagnosis Behavioral Child Collaborations Communication Communities Consultations Data Data Collection Development Education Employment Evidence based intervention Eye Facial Expression Foundations Future Gestures Goals Grant Guidelines Hand Healthcare Heterogeneity Individual Individual Differences Intervention Interview Investments Knowledge Language Life Longevity Machine Learning Maps Mental Health Methods Mission Modeling National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders Nature Nonverbal Communication Outcome Participant Patient Recruitments Patient Self-Report Pattern Persons Quality of life Recommendation Research Research Methodology Research Personnel Resources Sampling Structure Surveys Target Populations Testing Toddler United States National Institutes of Health adult with autism spectrum disorder autism spectrum disorder autistic career community consultation design disability experience follow-up improved innovation member novel preference prospective recruit response skills success therapy development tool trait verbal wasting

项目摘要

Although difficulty with nonverbal communication (NVC) is required for a diagnosis of autism at any age, no evidence-based interventions exist specifically targeting these skills beyond toddlerhood. Thus, older children and adults on the autism spectrum remain unsupported for a core challenge with wide-reaching func- tional impacts. Our long-term goal is to develop and implement targeted interventions to improve NVC expe- riences for autistic adults, yet two gaps in knowledge exist. First, before developing novel NVC interventions, it is critical to evaluate prospective intervention options from the perspectives of autistic adults themselves; what autistic adults want out of intervention remains unknown. Significant resources could be wasted if interventions are developed without consulting the communities who will one day seek to benefit from them. Second, due to the heterogeneity inherent to autism, a “one size fits all” intervention is not a realistic goal; rather, distinct profiles of ability and disability are likely to map onto different intervention priorities, which could facilitate targeted, indi- vidualized intervention development. This grant will address these gaps by establishing foundational knowledge about (1) how autistic adults experience NVC, (2) what they want out of intervention, and (3) how patterns of individual difference map onto patterns of impact and intervention priority. We will use an explanatory-sequential mixed methods design (Quantitative → Qualitative), in consultation with autistic members of a community-aca- demic collaborative, with two specific aims: (1) Discover data-driven behavioral profiles relevant to NVC impact and desire for intervention that will inform how to best match individuals to interventions; and (2) Understand autistic adults’ perspectives on NVC experience and intervention qualitatively. In Aim 1, a diverse sample of autistic adults (n=400) will complete surveys about their communication skills, NVC experiences, and desire for intervention. Machine learning regression and canonical correlation analysis will model individual predictors of NVC impact and desire for intervention and identify combinations of individual differences most predictive of contexts for which NVC intervention is desired. In Aim 2 we will re-recruit n=40 survey participants to complete follow-up semi-structured interviews about their Aim 1 responses. Interviews will elucidate the specific nature of problematic and successful NVC interactions; reasons why intervention is and is not desired; and preferred in- tervention targets and formats. We will analyze interview data using thematic analysis; findings will be used to develop community-drafted guidelines for NVC intervention development. Contributions will be significant be- cause they will provide strong empirical and community-based justification for investing resources in support of the adult autistic community. This research is innovative because it represents a substantive departure from the status quo by starting with the opinions, experiences, and perspectives of the target population. Knowledge generated will parse the heterogeneity of communication skills in autism, and has the potential to guide devel- opment of individualized interventions to meet the greatest areas of need with the greatest chance of success.

尽管非语言交流困难（NVC）在任何年龄都是诊断自闭症的必要条件，但事实并非如此