A Dynamic Environmental Exposure Approach to Study Behaviors in Mid-Life

研究中年行为的动态环境暴露方法

• 批准号: 10017813
• 负责人: Kiarri N Kershaw
• 金额: $ 66.48万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-15 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10017813
• 关键词: Accelerometer; Address; Adult; Affect; African American; Age; Attention; Attenuated; Behavior; Behavioral; Body Weight; Cellular Phone; Characteristics; Child; Chronic Disease; Cities; Consequentialism; Crime; Cues; Diet; Diet Surveys; Ecological momentary assessment; Education; Elderly; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Policy; Environmental Risk Factor; Failure; Food; Gender; Geography; Global Positioning System; Goals; Health; Home environment; Hour; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Leisures; Life; Life Style; Location; Malignant Neoplasms; Masks; Measurement; Measures; Methodology; Moderate Activity; Moods; Movement; Neighborhoods; Obesity; Outcome; Persons; Physical activity; Play; Policies; Population; Prevention Research; Public Health; Questionnaires; Research; Resources; Restaurants; Role; Safety; Sampling; Sum; Testing; Time; Variant; Work; Youth; adaptive intervention; aged; base; behavior influence; behavioral study; burden of illness; disability; environmental change; ethnic diversity; executive function; experience; fast food; fitness; improved; innovation; lifestyle intervention; middle age; novel strategies; obesity risk; racial and ethnic; response; suburb; theories; trait; walkability

Poor dietary and physical activity (PA) behaviors escalate risk for obesity, cancer, and other chronic diseases, and contribute to disparities. Mid-life is a vulnerable life stage when obesity rates peak and chronic diseases emerge. Neighborhood environments provide opportunities, barriers, and cues/triggers to engage in healthy or unhealthy behaviors. Overall, however, research findings on environment-behavior associations are inconsistent and effect sizes are small. This research is limited by sole focus on residential neighborhoods, failure to consider the environment’s role in within-person daily and momentary differences in behaviors, and scarce attention to identifying for whom the environment matters and under what conditions. A new approach is needed that considers the broader environment where people spend time (activity space). Our objective in the proposed study is to address misspecification of environmental exposures ubiquitous in prior research and provide a definitive test of activity-space environment explanations for between-and within-person diet and PA variations during mid-life. The central hypotheses are that activity-space environmental exposures contribute to both between- and within-person variations in dietary and PA behaviors and more strongly influence these behaviors than residential-neighborhood environments alone. Drawing on Temporal Self-Regulation Theory, we also hypothesize activity-space environmental exposures are more consequential for diet and PA when self-regulatory capacity—trait or state factors that affect a person’s ability to make efforts to regulate behavior—is diminished. An in-depth, rigorous study of 510 Latinx, African American, and White adults ages 40-64 is proposed. We will use a rich combination of cutting-edge geographically-explicit ecological momentary assessment (GEMA) methodologies: global positioning system (GPS) location tracking; smartphone-based mini-surveys of diet, PA, and state factors; and accelerometry, as well as three 24-hour dietary recalls, anthropometric measurements, and questionnaires of trait and other factors. Sophisticated routine, daily, and momentary activity-space measures will be derived based on the spatial extent of their movement, but also duration of exposure. Multiple features of the residential and activity-space environments will be measured using GIS including absolute and relative availability of healthful and unhealthful foods, walkability, recreational resource availability (e.g., parks, fitness facilities, greenness), and crime. For the first time, this innovative research will employ a dynamic environmental exposure approach using GEMA to supply evidence on the environment’s role in between- and within-person variations in diet and PA during mid-life, a pivotal time, in a racially/ethnically diverse sample. As such it will contribute to a much-needed shift in how environmental determinants of behaviors are studied, making a lasting impact on the field. Our research is significant because the results can inform new targets for lifestyle and place-based interventions to improve health during mid-life and set the stage for better later-life health.

不良的饮食和体力活动(PA)行为会增加肥胖、癌症和其他慢性病的风险， 并造成了不平等。中年是一个脆弱的生命阶段，肥胖率达到顶峰，慢性疾病 浮出水面。邻里环境提供了机会、障碍和提示/触发因素来参与健康或 不健康的行为。然而，总的来说，关于环境-行为关联的研究结果是 不一致且效果大小很小。这项研究仅限于对居住社区的关注， 没有考虑到环境在人内日常和瞬间行为差异中的作用，以及 很少注意确定环境对谁重要以及在什么条件下。一种新方法 需要考虑到人们花费时间的更广泛的环境(活动空间)。我们的目标是 拟议的研究旨在解决先前研究中普遍存在的对环境暴露的错误说明问题，并 对人与人之间和人与人之间的饮食和PA的活动空间环境解释提供明确的测试 中年时期的变化。中心假设是活动-空间环境暴露有助于 饮食和PA行为在人与人之间和人内的差异，并更强烈地影响这些 行为比单独的居住-邻里环境要好。借鉴时间自律理论， 我们还假设，活动空间环境暴露对饮食和PA的影响更大 自我调节能力--影响一个人努力调节能力的特质或状态因素 行为-减少。一项对510名拉丁裔、非裔美国人和白人成年人的深入、严格的研究 40岁--被提名。我们将使用尖端地理-显性生态瞬间的丰富组合 评估(GEMA)方法：全球定位系统(GPS)位置跟踪；基于智能手机 对饮食、PA和州因素的迷你调查；加速测量，以及三次24小时饮食召回， 人体测量，以及特征和其他因素的问卷调查。复杂的日常事务、日常事务和 瞬时活动-空间测量将基于他们移动的空间范围，但也 暴露的持续时间。将测量居住和活动空间环境的多种特征 使用地理信息系统，包括健康和不健康食物的绝对和相对可用性、步行、娱乐 资源可获得性(例如，公园、健身设施、绿化)和犯罪。这是第一次，这一创新 研究将采用动态环境暴露方法，使用GEMA提供关于 在中年这一关键时期，环境在人与人之间和人与人之间饮食和PA变化中的作用 种族/民族多样性样本。因此，它将有助于在环境保护方面实现亟需的转变 研究了行为的决定因素，对该领域产生了持久的影响。我们的研究意义重大，因为 这些结果可以为生活方式和以地点为基础的干预提供新的目标，以改善中年期间的健康 并为更好的晚年健康奠定基础。