Integrating microbial biostimulation and electrolytic aeration to degrade POPs

结合微生物生物刺激和电解曝气来降解持久性有机污染物

基本信息

批准号：
7340867
负责人：
HAROLD D MAY
金额：
$ 30.73万
依托单位：
MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2008-02-15 至 2011-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7340867
关键词：
Adipose tissue Aerobic Aerobic Bacteria Affect Animals Attenuated Back Bacteria Biodegradation Biological Assay Bioremediations Carbon Dioxide Cell Respiration Chlorine Chlorobenzene Communities Dermal Detoxification Process Development Dioxins Disease Drug Metabolic Detoxication Electrolyses Endocrine Environment Exposure to Fishes Food Chain General Population Generations Health Hepatotoxicity Human Hydrogen Hydrolysis In Situ Lead Mammals Marines Metabolic Metabolism Methods Molecular Molecular Weight Monitor Oxygen Pathway interactions Polychlorinated Biphenyls Principal Investigator Process Respiration Risk Site System Testing Toxic effect Water carcinogenesis chlorobenzene dechlorination dehalogenation electron donor immunotoxicity innovation member microbial microbial community microorganism microorganism mass culture mineralization novel strategies pollutant scale up

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Due to the their widespread use and stability, sediments contaminated with persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as polychlorinated biphenyls, chlorobenzenes and dioxins have been an environmental concern for several decades. In addition to perturbing the benthic community, these compounds biomagnify in the food chain through accumulation in the fatty tissue of animals, such as fish and marine mammals, which can eventually affect humans if consumed. Exposure to halogenated POPs by humans can lead to dermal toxicity, teratotoxicity, endocrine effects, hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and carcinogenesis. Although chemically stable in the environment these highly chlorinated compounds are susceptible to degradation once most of their chlorines are removed. The initial dechlorination is catalyzed in the anaerobic environment by microbial reductive respiration; the products of this initial microbial process can then be degraded and detoxified by oxygen respiring microorganisms. The limitations of these processes are: 1) anaerobic dechlorination is often slow and incomplete; 2) aerobic degradation is inhibited by limited availability of oxygen in the anaerobic sediment regions where these compounds persist. The Principal Investigators propose to complete the anaerobic process to unflanked di- through tetrachlorinated by in situ bioaugmention with dechlorinating microorganisms followed by application of low current hydrolysis to provide a constant level of oxygen for the complete degradation of the chlorinated compounds. The innovative aspects of this approach include the use of dechlorinating species with specific activities to direct the anaerobic dechorination pathways, a unique process for scaling up dehalogenating inoculum without co-release of toxic chlorinated compounds, electrolysis of water for maintaining constant oxygen levels during aerobic degradation and high throughput molecular assays for monitoring microbial communities. This integrated approach will optimize both anaerobic and aerobic processes to achieve complete in situ detoxification of chlorinated compounds through mineralization to small molecular weight metabolites and carbon dioxide. Implementation of a tractable in situ detoxification process to organohalide impacted sites will mitigate exposure to the food chain and subsequent exposure risks to the general public.

描述（由申请人提供）：由于它们的广泛使用和稳定性，被持续的有机污染物（POP）污染的沉积物，例如多氯联苯，氯苯和二恶英几十年来一直是环境问题。除了扰动底栖动物群落外，这些化合物还通过在动物的脂肪组织中积累（例如鱼类和海洋哺乳动物）来生物链中的生物磁体，如果消耗消耗，最终会影响人类。人类暴露于卤素的流行音乐可能会导致皮肤毒性，致毒性，内分泌作用，肝毒性，免疫毒性和癌变。尽管在环境中化学稳定，但一旦去除大多数氯，这些高度氯化化合物却易于降解。最初的脱氯通过微生物还原呼吸在厌氧环境中催化。然后，这种初始微生物过程的产物可以通过氧气呼吸微生物降解和解毒。这些过程的局限性是：1）厌氧脱氯通常是缓慢而不完整的； 2）在这些化合物持续存在的厌氧沉积物区域中，有限的氧气抑制了有氧降解。首席研究人员建议通过原位生物对四氯化的厌氧过程完成厌氧过程，并具有脱氯的微生物，然后使用低电流水解来提供恒定水平的氧气，以使氯化化合物的完全降解。这种方法的创新方面包括使用特定活性的脱氯物种来指导厌氧脱水途径，这是一个独特的过程，用于扩大除解接种物，而无需共同释放有毒的氯化化合物，电气电解能够在有氧脱水和高渗透性分子群中维持恒定氧气水平的水电气，以监测恒定的氧气水平。这种综合方法将优化厌氧和有氧过程，以通过矿化到小分子量重量代谢物和二氧化碳来实现氯化化合物的原位排毒。实施可进行的原位排毒过程对受影响的地点的实施将减轻对食物链的接触，并随后向公众暴露风险。