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Modulation of the Intestinal Immune Response in Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Modulation of the Intestinal Immune Response in Necrotizing Enterocolitis
坏死性小肠结肠炎肠道免疫反应的调节
批准号:
10001502
负责人:
MISTY L GOOD
金额:
$35.44万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2018
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2018-09-01 至 2023-08-31
关键词:
AdultAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAttenuatedBiological ModelsBiologyBreast FeedingCD4 Positive T LymphocytesCause of DeathCell Culture TechniquesCell Differentiation processCell physiologyCellsConfocal MicroscopyCytometryDataDefectDerivation procedureDevelopmentDevicesDiseaseEngineeringEpithelialEpithelial CellsEpitheliumEvolutionExcisionGastrointestinal DiseasesGenesGoalsGoblet CellsHost DefenseImmuneImmune responseImmune systemImmunologyIn VitroInfantInflammationInflammatoryInflammatory ResponseInterleukin ReceptorInterleukin-17IntestinesIschemic Bowel DiseaseKnowledgeLaboratoriesLamina PropriaLymphocyteLymphocytic InfiltrateMediatingMicrofluidicsModelingMorbidity - disease rateMucous MembraneMusNecrosisNecrotizing EnterocolitisNeonatalOperative Surgical ProceduresPathogenesisPathogenicityPathologicPathway interactionsPhenotypePlayPredispositionPremature BirthPremature InfantPremature Infant DiseasesPreventionPrevention strategyRecombinant InterleukinsRegulationResearchResolutionRiskRoleSecretory CellSeveritiesSignal PathwaySignal TransductionSmall IntestinesStem Cell DevelopmentSupportive careSurvivorsTestingTherapeuticantimicrobialbasecell regenerationcytokinedesigndysbiosisgraft vs host diseasegut microbiotahigh riskhigh risk infanthuman modelin vitro Modelin vivoinflammatory disease of the intestineinnovationinterleukin-22intestinal epitheliumintestinal injuryintravital microscopymortalitymouse modelmultidisciplinarynext generation sequencingnovelnovel therapeuticspreventprotective effectreceptorresistinresponsestem cell differentiationstem cellstherapeutic targetwound healing

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Project Summary/Abstract    Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the leading cause of death from gastrointestinal disease in premature infants  and is characterized by an uncontrolled inflammatory response. The lack of understanding of the mechanisms  that regulate the vicious inflammatory cascade, the inability to determine which infants are susceptible to NEC  and a lack of therapeutic targets all contribute to the persistently high mortality rate. The goals of the  proposed research are to determine the mechanisms that regulate the pathologic immune response  during NEC and use this knowledge to design novel epithelial-­or immune-­specific strategies for this  devastating disease. Our laboratory has recently discovered that the interleukin-­22 (IL-­22) signaling pathway  plays a critical role in attenuating the inflammatory response during NEC, as mice lacking the receptor for IL-­22  (IL-­22Ra1) on the intestinal epithelium demonstrate accelerated mortality in a neonatal mouse model of NEC-­ like intestinal injury. We demonstrate that mice subjected to experimental NEC develop gross evidence of  small intestinal ischemia and necrosis, that can be completely rescued in mice with intact IL-­22 signaling by  administering recombinant IL-­22. In seeking to determine the mechanisms mediating this protection, we have  demonstrated that treatment with recombinant IL-­22 decreases the pro-­inflammatory Th17 lymphocytic  infiltrate, which we have shown contributes to NEC pathogenesis. Furthermore, we also determined that IL-­22  signaling is important in the regulation of intestinal stem cell differentiation, as mice deficient in IL-­22Ra1 in the  intestine demonstrate an abnormally profound phenotype characterized by decreased numbers of secretory  cells in the intestine as well as decreased expression of critical genes involved in intestinal stem cell  development and host defense. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that IL-­22 signaling through the  receptor IL-­22Ra1 attenuates NEC by 1) enhancing intestinal stem cell function, 2) increasing goblet cell  differentiation and 3) shifting the immune cell repertoire towards an anti-­inflammatory phenotype. We will  complete our aims of this project by bringing together a multi-­disciplinary team with expertise in epithelial  biology, mucosal immunology, mass cytometry, next-­generation sequencing, high-­resolution confocal and  intravital microscopy as well as microfluidics and engineering for the derivation of in vitro models of human  intestinal function using gut-­on-­a-­chip devices. These studies will make a significant conceptual advance in  understanding the signaling pathways involved in attenuating NEC, explaining the unique susceptibility of the  premature infant to NEC based on a defect in IL-­22 signaling, and we will evaluate a novel therapeutic strategy  for NEC by introducing the anti-­inflammatory cytokine IL-­22 in the intestinal milieu.
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