Variability and Specificity in Reactive Stabilization Movements to Diverse Slip Perturbations

各种滑移扰动的反应稳定运动的可变性和特异性

• 批准号: 10004110
• 负责人: Nathaniel H Hunt
• 金额: $ 15.71万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA OMAHA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10004110
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Address; Affect; Age; Biomechanics; Complex; Data; Data Collection; Disease; Elderly; Environment; Exposure to; Failure; Fall prevention; Foundations; Friction; Future; Gait; Heel; Injury; Intervention; Lead; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Motion; Motor; Motor Skills; Movement; Phase; Posture; Research; Research Personnel; Resistance; Role; Source; Specificity; Surface; Testing; Time; Traction; Training; United States; Walking; arm; base; design; experience; falls; foot; human subject; improved; injury-related death; motor learning; movement analysis; neuromuscular; novel; pressure; prevent; prototype; response; success; therapy design; translational research program; young adult

Project Summary To maintain mobility as we age we must navigate a complex environment that challenges us with a range of disturbances. Unfortunately, older adults are often unsuccessful in resisting these disturbances, and fall. Falls are the greatest source of injury, and for older adults, the greatest source of injury-related death. Approximately a quarter of falls happen following slips. Recent research on slips has shown that use of perturbation training to improve specific motor skills to resist slips can vastly reduce falls. However, these interventions have only addressed slips occurring at heel-strike, and not the diverse range of slipping disturbances presented by a complex environment. This project will focus on slips that occur across the gait cycle, and the reactive stabilization movements that follow. Slips at different phases of the gait cycle have unique biomechanical contexts, and successful reactive stabilization movements are likely to be highly specific to that context. Yet nothing is known about the specificity of the repertoire of reactive stabilization movements to resist different slip conditions. Furthermore, variability in the repertoire of reactive stabilization movements is likely to affect the success/failure rate of resisting these disturbances. Thus, the objective of the proposed project is to determine the roles of variability and specificity in reactive stabilization movements to resist falling in diverse slipping conditions. A novel wearable apparatus for slip perturbations will deliver lifelike, unexpected slips in early, middle and late stance in younger and older adults. Biomechanical analysis based on three- dimensional motion capture data of the reactive stabilization movements will generate novel results on the specificity and variability of protective stepping and arm swinging responses. The central hypothesis is that increases in specificity and decreases in variability of reactive stabilization movements will reduce fall rates. The first specific aim is to quantify variability and specificity of reactive responses to diverse slip perturbations and determine their relationships to fall rates. The second specific aim is to determine how repeated exposure to diverse slip perturbations affects reactive responses, and whether it relates to gait variability. The long-term objective of this research is to support future studies into the repertoire of reactive stabilization movements across the full range of disturbances faced in navigating a complex environment, and to inform future interventions that target a comprehensive resistance to falls as we age.

项目摘要 随着年龄的增长，为了保持流动性，我们必须应对挑战我们的复杂环境 一系列的干扰。不幸的是，老年人往往无法成功地抵制 这些干扰，并下降。福尔斯是最大的伤害来源，对于老年人来说， 最大的伤害相关死亡的来源。大约有四分之一的福尔斯摔倒是在滑倒之后发生的。 最近的研究表明，使用扰动训练，以提高特定的运动 防滑技能可以大大减少福尔斯。然而，这些干预措施只解决了 滑动发生在脚跟罢工，而不是不同范围的滑动干扰所提出的一个 复杂的环境 这个项目将集中在整个步态周期发生的滑动，和反应稳定 后续的动作。在步态周期的不同阶段的滑动具有独特的生物力学特性， 背景，成功的反应性稳定运动可能是高度具体的， 上下文然而，我们对反应性稳定的特异性一无所知 运动以抵抗不同的滑动条件。此外，反应性细胞库中的可变性 稳定运动可能会影响抵抗这些运动的成功/失败率。 干扰.因此，拟议项目的目标是确定可变性的作用 以及在反应性稳定运动中的特异性，以抵抗在各种滑动条件下的跌倒。 一种用于滑动扰动的新型可穿戴设备将在早期提供逼真的意外滑动， 年轻人和老年人的中晚期站立。生物力学分析基于三个- 反应性稳定运动的三维运动捕捉数据将产生新颖的 结果的特异性和变化性的保护性步进和手臂摆动的反应。的 中心假设是特异性增加和反应性的可变性降低， 稳定运动将降低下降率。第一个具体目标是量化可变性， 不同的滑动扰动反应的特异性，并确定它们的关系， 下降率。第二个具体的目的是确定如何重复接触到不同的滑 扰动影响反应性反应，以及它是否与步态变异性有关。长期 这项研究的目的是支持未来的研究，反应稳定的剧目 在复杂环境中航行时所面临的各种干扰的运动， 并告知未来的干预措施，目标是随着年龄的增长全面抵抗福尔斯。