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Impact of Trauma Exposure on Critical Periods in Brain Development and Fear Processing in Children

创伤暴露对儿童大脑发育和恐惧处理关键期的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10024074
负责人：
Tanja Jovanovic
金额：
$ 65.99万
依托单位：
WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-01 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10024074
关键词：
10 year old 11 year old 9 year old Abuse Reporting Acute Address Adolescence Adolescent Adult Adverse event Affect African American Age Amygdaloid structure Anxiety Anxiety Disorders Area Arousal Base of the Brain Brain Child Child Abuse Childhood Clinical Data Data Development Diagnosis Discrimination Environment Epidemic Event Exposure to Family Female Fright Functional disorder Future Hippocampus (Brain)Incidence Study Intervention Knowledge Laboratories Life Longitudinal Studies Low income MRI Scans Mental Depression Mental Health Mental disorders Methods Modeling Negative Valence Neurobiology Outcome Patient Self-Report Pattern Personality Disorders Phenotype Physiology Population Positioning Attribute Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders Prefrontal Cortex Prevalence Psychopathology Reporting Research Research Domain Criteria Rest Risk Risk Factors Safety Sampling Scanning Schizophrenia Sex Differences Signal Transduction Startle Reaction Structure Substance abuse problem Symptoms System T2 weighted imaging Trauma Urban Population Visit adverse outcome base clinically relevant cohort conditioned fear critical period dimensional analysis follow-up high risk inner city longitudinal design male maltreatment myelination neural circuit neurodevelopment neuroimaging pediatric trauma prepuberty prospective recruit relating to nervous system response sex trauma exposure traumatic event violence exposure

项目摘要

SUMMARY Childhood trauma exposure constitutes a major risk factor for subsequent psychopathology, including depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, substance abuse, personality disorders, and schizophrenia. Violence exposure in low-income, urban populations can occur early in life, increasing risk for trauma exposure in children living in inner-city areas. While it is shown that early adverse experiences affect brain activation and connectivity as well as fear physiology during development in children, the mechanisms of these effects on the brain are not clearly understood. Very few studies have captured the effects of ongoing trauma during development, as most are based on retrospective data. The proposed longitudinal study is well-positioned to address this gap in knowledge given our recruitment from a high trauma risk population. The proposed research will combine neuroimaging and fear physiology methods to examine critical periods for trauma-related correlates of brain development. Recruitment of male and female children will allow for exploratory analyses of sex differences during development. Retrospective research on trauma exposure and neural development suggest that ages 9 through 11 represent particularly sensitive periods for fear-relevant neurobiology. In order to target this critical period, 9-year-old children will be recruited from the Grady Trauma Project in inner-city Atlanta, composed primarily of low-income, African American families and followed prospectively for two years. Trauma exposure and startle will be assessed every six months between ages 9 and 11, in order to assess the critical period for trauma exposure. Brain structure and function will be assessed every year, at years 9, 10, and 11. In our previous studies, we have found that the degree of trauma exposure significantly increases between 9 and 11 years of age. The unique prospective longitudinal design will allow for analysis of the effects of both pre-existing trauma and new trauma exposure on the neurobiological phenotypes.

总结