Mechanistic Transitions that Shape Typical and Atypical Social Visual Engagement

塑造典型和非典型社交视觉参与的机制转变

• 批准号: 10005480
• 负责人: Warren Jones
• 金额: $ 49.07万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-04 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10005480
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Age-Months; Attention; Behavior; Biological; Biological Models; Birth; Brain; Child; Communication; Coupled; Data; Development; Developmental Delay Disorders; Diagnosis; Enrollment; Etiology; Exhibits; Eye; Face; Future; Genetic; Genetic Variation; Goals; Heritability; Human; Impairment; Infant; Infant Development; Laboratories; Learning; Life; Macaca mulatta; Measures; Neonatal; Oral cavity; Outcome; Pattern; Phase; Phenotype; Phylogenetic Analysis; Postpartum Period; Recording of previous events; Reflex action; Reflex eye movement; Research; Risk; Series; Shapes; Siblings; Smiling; Social Behavior; Social Development; Social Interaction; Statistical Data Interpretation; Stimulus; Structure; Testing; Time; Toddler; Twin Multiple Birth; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; Visual; Volition; Walking; autism spectrum disorder; autistic children; brain behavior; cohort; disability; dyadic interaction; gaze; high risk; infancy; prospective; response; social; social engagement

PROJECT SUMMARY The present application builds on recent research in our laboratory showing that social visual engagement—the way in which infants visually explore, engage, and ultimately learn from and adapt to their surrounding world— is (1) tightly coupled to genetic variation, with concordance in identical toddler twins equal to 0.91; (2) highly phylogenetically conserved, with infant rhesus monkeys exhibiting patterns of early eye-looking that are strikingly homologous to human infants; and (3) pathognomonically impaired in infants later diagnosed with ASD, with differences observed from at least month 2 onwards in initial and replication cohorts. The present application will build on these findings to study pivotal transitions in early infancy that set the stage for future attainment of social- communicative milestones. We will investigate early infant transitions from reflex-like to volitional social adaptive action in the first 2 months post-partum (Aim 1); the emergence of reciprocal and contingent infant social interaction (Aim 2); and the cascading consequences of very early infant social engagement—or the disruption thereof in ASD—on later, long-term social-communicative outcomes (Aim 3). Finally, we will connect these measures to concomitant changes in developing structural and functional brain networks (in Projects III and V), to the emergence of spoken communication (in Project II), and to response to early social interaction therapy (in Project IV). A cohort of 250 infants will be enrolled, consisting of infant siblings of children with autism who are at High Risk for developing ASD (HR-ASD, N=150) as well as infant siblings at Low Risk of developmental delays, with Typical Development expected by virtue of having no familial history of ASD (LR-TDx, N=100). Data will be collected longitudinally and prospectively, beginning in the first week after birth. This project directly addresses several of the aspirational goals for autism set forth by the NIH Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee, with emphasis on understanding the unfolding developmental trajectories, underlying mechanisms, and biological signatures of ASD.

项目概要 本应用程序建立在我们实验室最近的研究基础上，该研究表明社交视觉参与度 婴儿视觉探索、参与并最终学习和适应周围世界的方式—— (1) 与遗传变异紧密相关，同卵双胞胎中的一致性等于 0.91； (2) 高度 系统发育上是保守的，幼年恒河猴表现出惊人的早期眼神模式 与人类婴儿同源； (3) 后来诊断为自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的婴儿的特征受损， 至少从第 2 个月起在初始队列和复制队列中观察到差异。本申请将 以这些发现为基础，研究婴儿早期的关键转变，为未来获得社会能力奠定基础。 沟通的里程碑。我们将研究早期婴儿从反射性到意志性社会适应的转变 产后头 2 个月内采取行动（目标 1）；互惠和偶然的婴儿社会的出现 互动（目标 2）；以及婴儿早期社会参与的连锁后果——或者说破坏 自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）中的这一点——关于后来的长期社会交往结果（目标 3）。最后，我们将连接这些 开发结构和功能大脑网络的伴随变化的措施（在项目 III 和 V 中）， 口头交流的出现（项目 II），以及对早期社交互动治疗的反应（项目 II） 项目四）。将招募 250 名婴儿组成的队列，其中包括自闭症儿童的婴儿兄弟姐妹，他们 患有 ASD 的高风险（HR-ASD，N=150）以及发育迟缓的低风险婴儿兄弟姐妹， 由于没有 ASD 家族史（LR-TDx，N=100），因此具有预期的典型发育。数据将是 从出生后第一周开始纵向和前瞻性收集。该项目直接解决 NIH 机构间自闭症协调委员会提出的几个自闭症理想目标， 重点是了解正在展开的发展轨迹、潜在机制和 ASD 的生物学特征。