Tissue mechanics reprograms the tissue to malignancy and metastasis

项目摘要 尽管取得了一些突破，提高了许多癌症患者的五年生存率，但长期来看， 许多患者的预后保持不变。我的团队一直在研究细胞外基质 (ECM)以及恶性转化和进展中的组织张力。我们的研究结果表明，恶性肿瘤是 由遗传修饰和硬化的ECM引起的张力稳态的丧失所促进， 协同刺激肌动球蛋白以改变细胞骨架、细胞信号传导和基因表达。本研究 旨在确定保守的分子机制，从而紧张促进恶性肿瘤，以确定预测 用于风险分层的生物标志物，并开发用于化学预防和抗肿瘤治疗的药物靶点。我们 试验数据显示，刚性ECM诱导线粒体应激和代谢重编程， 在培养和体内的恶性和肿瘤侵袭。研究表明炎症使ECM变硬， 代谢重编程骨髓细胞朝向抑制抗肿瘤免疫的促肿瘤表型。 我们确定，恶性风险升高的慢性炎症组织中的ECM更硬， 线粒体压力的证据因此，我们预测，组织张力诱导线粒体应激， 降低抗肿瘤免疫力，以增强肿瘤细胞生长、存活和侵袭，并诱导遗传 促进恶性肿瘤和肿瘤侵袭并促进转移的扰动。我们有2D和3D文化 和小鼠模型，我们可以测量，操纵和修改乳腺，胰腺和 胶质母细胞瘤来验证这些预测。我们将通过技术创新来扩展这些方法， 分析和监测体内的张力依赖性恶性肿瘤，我们的合作者将协助 工作的技术执行和临床解释。我们将分子和药物筛选结合起来， 鉴定候选调节剂和抑制性化合物以开发抗肿瘤和化学预防治疗。

PROJECT SUMMARY Despite breakthroughs that have improved the five-year survival of many cancer patients, the long-term prognosis for many patients remains unchanged. My group has been studying the role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and tissue tension in malignant transformation and progression. Our findings argue that malignancy is fostered by loss of tensional homeostasis induced by genetic modifications and a stiffened ECM that synergistically stimulate actomyosins to alter the cytoskeleton, cell signaling and gene expression. This research aims to identify conserved molecular mechanisms whereby tension promotes malignancy to identify predictive biomarkers for risk stratification and to develop drug targets for chemoprevention and anti-tumor therapies. Our pilot data showed a stiff ECM induces mitochondrial stress and metabolic reprogramming that promote malignancy and tumor aggression in culture and in vivo. Studies revealed inflammation stiffens the ECM to metabolically reprogram the myeloid cells towards a pro-tumor phenotype that represses anti-tumor immunity. We determined that the ECM in chronically inflamed tissues with elevated risk to malignancy is stiffer and exhibits evidence of mitochondrial stress. Thus, we predict that tissue tension induces mitochondrial stress and compromises anti-tumor immunity to enhance tumor cell growth, survival and invasion and induce genetic perturbations that promote malignancy and tumor aggression and foster metastasis. We have 2D and 3D culture and mouse models with which we can measure, manipulate and modify tissue tension in breast, pancreas and glioblastoma to test these predictions. We will expand these approaches with technical innovations that improve analysis and monitoring of tension-dependent malignancy in vivo and our collaborators will assist with the technical execution and clinical interpretation of the work. We have incorporated molecular and drug screens to identify candidate regulators and inhibitory compounds to develop anti-tumor and chemoprevention treatments.