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A neuroethological model of sensorimotor processing in animal-animal interactions

动物与动物相互作用中感觉运动处理的神经行为学模型

基本信息

批准号：
10053664
负责人：
JOSEPH PARKER
金额：
$ 74.93万
依托单位：
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-08-01 至 2023-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10053664
关键词：
Abdomen Address Animals Base of the Brain Behavior Behavior Control Behavioral Benzoquinones Biological Models Brain Brain imaging Brain region Calcium Chemicals Cognition Communities Complex Cues Data Decision Making Development Embryo Environment Feedback Foundations Functional Imaging Genetic Models Gland Goals Harvest Head Human Biology Image Invertebrates Link Lobe Maps Mediating Microinjections Mission Modality Modeling Monitor Motion Motor Motor output Mushroom Bodies Neurons Neurosciences Order Coleoptera Organism Outcome Parasites Partner in relationship Pathway interactions Phenotype Procedures Process Public Health Reporter Reproduction Research Resolution Sensory Social Behavior Social Environment Stimulus System Tactile Techniques Technology Time Tissues Transgenic Organisms United States National Institutes of Health Visual Work appendage behavioral response brain cell combat fictional works flexibility in vivo insight machine vision male member motor control multisensory neuromechanism novel relating to nervous system reproductive response robotic system sensor sensory integration sensory stimulus tool treadmill vector virtual reality

项目摘要

Project Summary Animals interact with members of their own or other species in the context of social and defensive behaviors, predator-prey relationships and symbioses. In all such contexts, execution of the appropriate kind of interaction depends on a sensorimotor pathway that transduces information about another organism and generates a behavioral response. Core principles of such sensorimotor pathways remain mysterious, including how representations of other animals are constructed in the brain based on multisensory information, and how such neural representations are appraised by decision-making circuitry to select the appropriate action. Imaging neural activity in behaving animals offers the potential to make breakthroughs in the mechanistic understanding of how animals interact. In particular, generalizable insights into sensorimotor processing may come from model species with small, minimally complex brains that are nevertheless capable of executing complex behavioral interactions. Current small-brained model systems, however, have an inherent limitation in that they must be physically restrained for brain imaging—a procedure that strongly restricts their capacity to engage in behavioral interactions. To overcome this problem, tools for behavioral analysis and brain imaging will be developed for a novel invertebrate model with a specialized phenotype that enables it to retain its capacity to interact with other organisms even when tethered and head fixed for brain imaging. The rove beetle, Dalotia coriaria, possesses a flexible abdomen that is used as an appendage to engage in reproductive and aggressive interactions with conspecifics;; the abdomen also houses a targetable chemical defense gland that can be accurately targeted to secrete noxious benzoquinones directly onto heterospecific threats. The mode of deployment of the abdomen provides a direct readout of the sensorimotor processing that occurs when the beetle encounters different types of animal. In this proposal, a closed-loop virtual reality platform will be constructed in which tethered Dalotia’s behavior can be quantified using machine vision as the beetle interacts in a naturalistic fashion with real or fictive animals. This platform will be used to experimentally deconstruct how Dalotia integrates different sensory modalities to build internal representations of other living organisms. Transgenic Dalotia will be created that express a genetically-encoded calcium sensor in defined brain regions. Combining these technologies, functional imaging of the brain of Dalotia will be achieved while the beetle performs naturalistic interactions with other organisms. This proposal will be foundational for further exploitation of this model system to reveal how sensorimotor processes enable animals to interact.

项目摘要动物与自己或其他物种的成员在社会和防御的背景下互动行为，捕食者-被捕食者关系和共生。在所有这些情况下，执行适当的一种相互作用依赖于一种感觉运动通路，这种感觉运动通路的核心原则仍然存在，神秘，包括其他动物的表征是如何在大脑中构建的，多感官信息，以及如何通过决策评估这些神经表征对行为动物的神经活动进行成像，在动物如何相互作用的机械理解方面取得突破。特别是，对感觉运动处理的可推广的见解可能来自具有小，最低限度复杂的大脑，但仍然能够执行复杂的行为互动。然而，目前的小规模脑模型系统具有固有的局限性，因为它们必须身体限制大脑成像-一个程序，强烈限制他们的能力，从事为了克服这个问题，行为分析和大脑成像工具将开发一种新的无脊椎动物模型，具有特殊的表型，使其能够保留其与其他生物体相互作用的能力，即使是在被拴着和头部固定进行大脑成像的情况下。罗夫甲虫，Dalotia coriaria，拥有一个灵活的腹部，作为一个附属物，从事生殖和侵略性的相互作用与同种;腹部也容纳了一个目标化学防御腺，可以准确地针对分泌有毒的苯醌直接到腹部的部署模式提供了一个直接的读数，当甲虫遇到不同类型的动物时，会发生感觉运动处理。一项建议，一个闭环的虚拟现实平台将被构建，其中拴Dalotia的行为可以用机器视觉来量化，因为甲虫以自然的方式与真实的或虚构的动物。这个平台将用于实验解构达洛蒂亚如何整合不同的感官方式来建立其他生物体的内部表征。转基因达洛蒂亚将在特定的大脑区域表达基因编码的钙传感器。这些技术，达洛蒂亚的大脑功能成像将实现，而甲虫执行与其他生物的自然相互作用。这一建议将是进一步开发的基础来揭示感觉运动过程如何使动物相互作用。