Laboratory Bench-Top EXAFS with STJ Spectrometer

配备 STJ 光谱仪的实验室台式 EXAFS

基本信息

批准号：
10018070
负责人：
Robin Cantor
金额：
$ 64.4万
依托单位：
STAR CRYOELECTRONICS, LLC
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-02-01 至 2022-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10018070
关键词：
Aluminum Beryllium Biochemistry Biological Chemical Engineering Chemicals Computer software Crystallization Custom Data Development Devices Electronics Elements Generations Industrialization Laboratories Light Measurement Measures Medical Metals Morphologic artifacts NMR Spectroscopy Noise Output Pharmacologic Substance Polymers Powder dose form Price Research Priority Resolution Roentgen Rays Safety Sampling Science Shapes Signal Transduction Site Software Framework Source Spectrum Analysis Spottings Structure Synchrotrons System Tantalum Techniques Testing Thinness Time Universities Vacuum Work absorption animal tissue base cryostat curve fitting data acquisition design design and construction detector experimental study improved instrument metal oxide next generation novel operation prototype response scale up software development structured data success synchrotron radiation transmission process user-friendly

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy is a technique that gives element-specific structural and chemical information about molecules. An enormous advantage of EXAFS spectroscopy is that it is readily applied to many different kinds of sample, including, solutions, powders, slurries, and animal tissues. Current EXAFS instruments require bright X-ray beams from specialized synchrotron lightsources for most samples, meaning that access is limited to priority research and the science that can be done is restricted by the need to work at remote sites as well as the often months-long wait for access. STAR Cryoelectronics intends to build a laboratory instrument to measure transmission EXAFS spectra to the same precision typically measured at synchrotron radiation sources and with comparable signal-to-noise. This project will involve improved energy-resolving X-ray detectors based on superconducting tunnel junctions (STJs) to achieve the energy resolution and efficiency needed to make EXAFS measurements feasible in a regular laboratory setting. The first aim is a plan to design and fabricate novel STJ detector chips for these next-generation X-ray detectors. STAR Cryoelectronics will build on previous success with tantalum-based STJs to produce novel aluminum junctions with tantalum absorbers capable of functioning to energies up to at least 11,000 eV. This part of the project will involve extensive testing as we refine the design and fabrication parameters. A second aim is to couple this new STJ detector with a sample chamber and broadband X-ray source to a complete, user-friendly EXAFS instrument. Associated with second aim is a significant software development project, intended to provide the end user an easy-to-use instrument. This will include instrument control, processing of EXAFS data in real-time during data acquisition, and the ability to analyze data during data acquisition. This latter ability should not only provide preliminary results, but allow assessment of data and sample quality, thereby optimizing instrument time. This project’s ultimate aim is to make EXAFS a routine laboratory technique, alongside more well-known spectroscopies such as UV-visible spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and NMR spectroscopy. While the proposed laboratory transmission EXAFS instrument should be complementary to synchrotron lightsource based EXAFS, it should nonetheless reduce the need to apply for access to synchrotrons for EXAFS, open up the technique for more general and routine chemical and biological applications, and enable new scientific opportunities and novel spectroscopic applications. 1

项目摘要扩展的X射线抽象精细结构（EXAFS）光谱学是一种提供特定元素特异性的技术有关分子的结构和化学信息。 EXAFS光谱的巨大优势是它很容易应用于许多不同类型的样本，包括解决方案，粉末，浆液和动物组织。当前的EXAFS仪器需要专用同步器光线的明亮X射线梁对于大多数样本而言，这意味着访问仅限于优先研究，并且可以完成的科学是受到在远程站点的需要以及经常长时间的等待访问的限制。 Star Cryoelectronics打算建立一种实验室工具来测量传输EXAFS光谱相同的精度通常在同步子辐射源和相当的信号到噪声下测量。这项目将涉及改善基于超导隧道连接的能源溶解X射线探测器（STJ）实现了使EXAF测量可行的能源分辨率和效率常规的实验室环境。第一个目的是为这些设计和制造新颖的STJ探测器芯片的计划下一代X射线检测器。 Star Cryoelectronics将基于以前的成功基础 STJ可以使用能够发挥能量到AT的触觉吸收剂来产生新型的铝连接器至少11,000 ev。该项目的这一部分将涉及广泛的测试，因为我们完善了设计和制造参数。第二个目的是将这个新的STJ检测器与样品室和宽带X射线搭配完整，用户友好的EXAFS仪器的来源。与第二个目标相关的是一个重要的软件开发项目旨在为最终用户提供易于使用的工具。这将包括乐器控制，在数据获取过程中实时对EXAFS数据的处理以及在期间分析数据的能力数据获取。以后的能力不仅应提供初步结果，还应评估数据和样品质量，从而优化仪器时间。该项目的最终目的是使EXAFS成为常规的实验室技术，以及更知名的诸如紫外可见光谱，红外光谱和NMR光谱等光谱。而建议的实验室传输EXAFS仪器应完整到同步器Lightsource 尽管如此更通用和常规化学和生物学应用的技术，并启用新的科学机会和新颖的光谱应用。 1