A portable photoacoustic imager for diagnosing vascular diseases

项目总结/摘要 血管疾病是全球死亡的主要原因。一些常见的血管疾病包括：心血管疾病 血管疾病、中风和外周动脉疾病（PAD）。许多血管疾病需要点- 使用非电离、非侵入性和具有成本效益的方法进行POC诊断和监测。虽然 多普勒超声满足所有这些要求，它只映射血流，这是操作员依赖的， 受运动伪影的影响，导致在早期检测疾病的灵敏度和特异性有限。 需要一种提供直接的无标记血管分子和功能信息的POC技术， 可靠地检测和监测血管疾病。 提出了一种移动的光声成像仪（mPAI），用于资源匮乏地区的各种血管疾病的诊断 世界的设置。利用氧合和脱氧血红蛋白的强多光谱光学吸收， mPAI能够提供深部脉管系统的多参数信息，例如血氧饱和度， 斑块脂质、血流和血凝块。mPAI是非侵入性的、真实的时间的，并且使用非电离光学和 超声波辐射这将是第一个，也许是唯一的便携式技术，能够获得这样的 在不使用造影剂的情况下获得深部脉管系统的多参数功能信息。竞争 技术不能提供血管健康的这种直接信息，当然也不能在紧凑的便携式设备中提供。 设备形式。卫生保健提供者可以使用mPAI立即诊断几种血管疾病， 所有年龄段的人，包括婴儿。 在R21阶段，Aim 1将设计和开发mPAI，将低成本的光学照明和 压电微机械超声换能器（PMUT）阵列。来自印度的Rundra Pratap博士团队 科学研究所（IISc），班加罗尔，将设计和制造PMUT阵列。Kothapalli博士团队将开发 并在Aim 1的组织模拟血管模型和大鼠PAD模型上验证其性能 目标2为期两年的R21阶段的最终目标是实现临床级mPAI器械， 血管成像指标。 在R33阶段，为了测试mPAI的临床性能，进行了以下多中心初步临床研究 将在1）宾夕法尼亚州立大学好时医疗中心，2）印度维克拉姆医院， 与IISc团队合作，3）在宾夕法尼亚州立大学的Colette Pameijer博士的帮助下，在加纳的第5年 他每年通过宾夕法尼亚州立大学全球健康计划在加纳举办医疗营。临床研究 只有在R21阶段实现了明确的里程碑，才能开展R33阶段的工作。 这些研究的总体目标是仔细验证新兴的无标签药物的临床潜力。 光声成像技术，以便携式形式，在资源贫乏的环境中筛查血管疾病 of the world.

Project Summary/Abstract Vascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Some common vascular diseases include: cardio vascular disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease (PAD). Many of these vascular diseases need point-of- care (POC) diagnosis and monitoring using non-ionizing, non-invasive and cost-effective approaches. Although Doppler ultrasound meets all these requirements, it only maps blood flow, which is operator dependent and influenced by motion artifacts, resulting in limited sensitivity and specificity to detect the disease in its early stage. A POC technique that provides direct label-free molecular and functional information of vasculature is needed to reliably detect and monitor vascular diseases. A mobile photoacoustic imager (mPAI) is proposed for diagnosing various vascular diseases in resource poor settings of the world. Leveraging on strong multispectral optical absorption of oxy- and de-oxy hemoglobins, the mPAI is capable of providing multi-parametric information of deep vasculature, such as blood oxygen saturation, plaque lipids, blood flow and blood clot. The mPAI is non-invasive, real time and uses non-ionizing optical and ultrasound radiation. This will be the first and perhaps the only portable technology capable of deriving such multiparametric functional information of deep vasculature without the use of contrast agents. Competing technologies cannot provide such a direct information of vascular health, and certainly not in a compact portable device form. Health care providers can use the mPAI to instantly diagnose several vascular diseases affecting humans of all ages, including infants. In the R21 phase, Aim1 will design and develop the mPAI, integrating the low-cost optical illumination and piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer (PMUT) arrays. Dr. Rundra Pratap team from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, will design and fabricate the PMUT arrays. Dr. Kothapalli team will develop the mPAI and validate its performance on tissue mimicking vascular phantoms in Aim 1, and rat models of PAD in Aim 2. The ultimate goal of the two-year R21 phase is to achieve a clinical grade mPAI device with reliable vascular imaging metrics. In the R33 phase, to test the clinical performance of the mPAI, the following multicenter pilot clinical studies on PAD patients will be conducted in 1) Penn State Hershey medical center, 2) Vikram Hospital in India through collaborations with the IISc team, and 3) in Ghana in Year 5 with the help of Dr. Colette Pameijer of Penn State who conducts medical camps in Ghana every year through Penn State Global Health Program. Clinical studies in R33 phase will be undertaken only if well-defined milestones are achieved in the R21 phase. The overall goal of these studies is to carefully validate the clinical potential of emerging label-free photoacoustic imaging technology to screen for vascular diseases, in a portable form, in resource poor settings of the world.