Integrative analysis of the oral microbiome of American Indian Infants and the impact of a childhood obesity-prevention home visiting program on early childhood caries

美洲印第安婴儿口腔微生物组的综合分析以及儿童肥胖预防家访计划对儿童早期龋齿的影响

• 批准号: 10058210
• 负责人: Catherine Gayle Sutcliffe
• 金额: $ 16.57万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-07-01 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10058210
• 关键词: 1 year old; 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing; 2 year old; Acids; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Age-Months; American Indians; Child; Childhood; Clinical Trials; Collaborations; Communities; Consumption; Dental Enamel; Dental caries; Development; Diet; Dietary Sugars; Dietary intake; Education; Enrollment; Environment; Epidemiologist; Family; Food; Future; Goals; Health; Health Care Costs; Health Service Area; High Prevalence; Home visitation; Infant; Infection; Intake; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Metabolic; Metagenomics; Mothers; Navajo; Nutritional; Oral; Oral health; Outcome; Pain; Pathogenicity; Pattern; Performance; Prevalence; Prevention program; Probiotics; Production; Race; Randomized Controlled Trials; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Saliva; Sampling; Schools; Speech Delay; Speech Development; Testing; Therapeutic Intervention; Time; Tribes; United States; United States Indian Health Service; aged; bacterial community; base; carbohydrate metabolism; cariogenic bacteria; demineralization; drinking water; early childhood; experience; feeding; health disparity; high risk; intervention program; liquid chromatography mass spectrometry; metabolic profile; metabolome; metabolomics; metatranscriptomics; microbial; microbial community; microbiome; microbiome composition; microbiota; microbiota profiles; next generation; obesity in children; obesity prevention; oral bacteria; oral microbial community; oral microbiome; prebiotics; programs; self esteem; sugar; sweetened beverage

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Early childhood caries (ECC) has devastating and long-lasting health consequences. These include higher healthcare costs, pain, infection, lower self-esteem, delayed speech development, poor performance in school, and subsequent poor oral and overall health outcomes as adults. The prevalence of ECC in children of American Indian (AI) families is considerably higher compared to all races in the United States, with ECC occurrence as early as one year of age. ECC and the closely related health disparity early childhood obesity (ECO), are critical for young AI children, especially in the Navajo community that has limited access to nutritious food and clean, safe drinking water. Diet is a crucial contributing factor to ECC and ECO, where high dietary sugar intake and early initiation of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) before six months of age contribute significantly to both conditions in Navajo infants. Frequent sugar consumption drives the selection of cariogenic bacteria and associated metabolic activities within the oral microbiota that ultimately results in caries development. Acquisition and proliferation of cariogenic bacteria before two years of age have been associated with an increased risk of caries. However, the development of the oral microbiome and the impact of the sugar intake reduction on the pattern of microbiota in high-risk Navajo infants remain largely unknown. Recently, an ECO prevention program, called Family Spirit Nurture, was implemented in the Navajo Shiprock community through a randomized controlled trial. The intervention focused on infant feeding practices and SSB intake reduction. The trial enrolled mother-infant dyads and collected longitudinal oral samples from infants aged 3 to 12 months, maternal and child confounding factors, and ECC status at 1 year of age. This trial provided an unparalleled opportunity for the longitudinal investigation of Navajo infants at an early age with two important specific aims: 1) evaluate the developing oral microbiome of Navajo infants in relation to maternal and child confounding factors and the potential impact of the sugar reduction intervention on the oral microbiome profiles and caries outcomes and 2) investigate the metabolome of Navajo infants’ oral microbial communities in correlation with ECC outcomes at 12 months of age. We hypothesize that 1) the sugar reduction intervention may influence the oral microbiome composition toward non-cariogenic species and reduce ECC outcome at 12 months of age, 2) there would be developmental changes in the oral microbiome of caries-free Navajo infants and pathogenic shifts in the oral microbiome pattern for those infants who eventually develop caries, 3) Microbial communities of the caries- affected group at 12 months of age may have a higher level of carbohydrate metabolism-related metabolites compared to the caries-free group, and 4) there exists caries-related metabolite signatures of Navajo infants. The goal of this study is to evaluate if the oral microbial and metabolic profiles of Navajo infants could be used to predict ECC and to develop a therapeutic intervention through future research plans.

项目总结/摘要 幼儿龋齿（ECC）具有破坏性和持久的健康后果。这些包括 更高的医疗费用，疼痛，感染，自尊心降低，语言发育延迟， 学校，以及随后的不良口腔和整体健康结果作为成年人。儿童ECC的患病率 与美国所有种族相比，美国印第安人（AI）家庭要高得多， 早在一岁时发生。ECC与健康差距密切相关的早期儿童肥胖 (ECO)对于年幼的人工智能儿童至关重要，特别是在纳瓦霍社区， 有营养的食物和干净安全的饮用水。饮食是导致ECC和ECO的关键因素， 6个月龄前的膳食糖摄入量和早期开始含糖饮料（SSB） 对纳瓦霍婴儿的这两种情况都有很大的影响。频繁的糖消费促使人们选择 口腔微生物群中的致龋细菌和相关代谢活动，最终导致龋齿 发展2岁以前致龋细菌的获得和增殖与 患龋齿的风险增加。然而，口腔微生物组的发展和糖的影响 摄入量减少对高风险纳瓦霍婴儿微生物群模式的影响在很大程度上仍然未知。 最近，在纳瓦霍实施了一项名为“家庭精神培育”的ECO预防方案， Shiprock社区通过随机对照试验。干预的重点是婴儿喂养的做法 和SSB摄入量减少。该试验招募了母婴二对，并收集了纵向口腔样本， 3至12个月的婴儿、母亲和儿童混杂因素以及1岁时的ECC状态。这 试验提供了一个无与伦比的机会，纵向调查纳瓦霍婴儿在早期的年龄， 两个重要的具体目标：1）评估纳瓦霍婴儿口腔微生物组的发育， 母亲和儿童的混杂因素以及减糖干预对口服 微生物组概况和龋齿结果和2）调查纳瓦霍婴儿口腔微生物的代谢组 社区与12个月龄时ECC结果的相关性。 我们假设：1）减糖干预可能会影响口腔微生物组的组成 对非致龋物种和减少ECC结果在12个月大，2）将有 无龋齿纳瓦霍婴儿口腔微生物组的发育变化和口腔致病性变化 最终患龋的婴儿的微生物组模式，3）龋齿的微生物群落- 12个月龄的患病组可能具有较高水平的碳水化合物代谢相关代谢物 与无龋组相比，以及4）存在纳瓦霍婴儿的龋相关代谢物特征。 本研究的目的是评估纳瓦霍婴儿的口腔微生物和代谢谱是否可以用于 预测ECC并通过未来的研究计划开发治疗干预。