Reducing Youth Violence and Racism/Discrimination: The Efficacy of Comprehensive Prevention Strategies (CPS)

摘要 减少青年暴力和种族主义/歧视：全面 正在向国家卫生研究所提交预防战略项目：青年 纳入种族主义/歧视预防的暴力预防干预措施（R 01）。 本研究将评估针对（a）个人（B） 教育工作者，（c）学校，和（d）社区一级的变量。具体来说，种族间和种族内 青少年攻击和学校脱离将通过一个准随机的分析， 应对能力与应对能力+的对照试验，一个新开发的种族主义版本， 歧视内容。教育工作者的成果将通过学校一级的随机化进行评估， 传统SWPBIS单独或SWPBIS+内隐偏见训练和文化反应 适应最后，社区风险将通过父母参与评估， 传统的应对能力父母计划或应对能力父母计划+，包括 种族主义和歧视内容。CPS干预（包括CP+）的目的 SWPBIS+旨在预防和解决青少年面临的个人、学校和社区风险 暴力和侵略行为，特别是与种族主义侵略和暴力有关的暴力行为， 在多个切入点进行干预，并利用基于证据的应对能力， SWPBIS方法包括急需的调整。 该项目将包括一项为期5年的随机对照试验，有四种情况：（a）SWPBIS和 CP（作为对照），（B）SWPBIS+和CP，（c）SWPBIS和CP+，和（d）SWPBIS+和 CP+。项目规划和学生筛选将在第一年进行，有三批学校 和学生的干预在2-4年，和后续数据的4年队列收集， 第五年。亚拉巴马大区的20所中学（6至8年级），代表了 该项目将包括不同种族和贫困程度的学生群体。到 解决目标1，20所学校实施第1级SWPBIS标准（即，得分至少为 经验证的保真度测量值为70%;美世等人，2017年）将被随机分配到第1层 条件：SWPBIS+培训或继续实施SWPBIS。在每个中学 (6th和7小时级），学生与高水平的外化行为（前25%的基础上， 筛选，如下所述），并随机分配至CP或CP+。在每个 20所学校，17名儿童将被纳入2-4年级每个新队列的CP干预， 总共产生1，020名学生，每个条件下有510名学生用于CP与CP+对比。

Abstract Reducing Youth Violence and Racism/Discrimination: The Efficacy of Comprehensive Prevention Strategies (CPS) project is being submitted to National Institute of Health: Youth Violence Prevention Interventions that Incorporate Racism/Discrimination Prevention (R01). This study will evaluate the effects of a comprehensive intervention addressing (a) individual, (b) educator, (c) school, and (d) community-levels variables. Specifically, interracial and intraracial youth aggression and school disengagement will be analyzed through a quasi-randomized control trial of Coping Power versus Coping Power+, a newly developed version with racism and discrimination content. Educator outcomes will be evaluated by school-level randomization to traditional SWPBIS alone or SWPBIS+ implicit bias training and culturally responsive adaptations. Finally, community risk will be evaluated through parental involvement in either traditional Coping Power Parent program or the Coping Power Parent Program+, that includes racism and discrimination content. The purpose of the CPS intervention which includes CP+ and SWPBIS+ is to preventatively address individual, school, and community risk for youth violence and aggression, particularly related to racially based aggression and violence by intervening at multiple entry points and leveraging the evidence-based Coping Power and SWPBIS approaches to include much-needed adaptations. This project will include a 5-year randomized control trial with four conditions: (a) SWPBIS and CP (serving as control), (b) SWPBIS+ and CP, (c) SWPBIS and CP+, and (d) SWPBIS+ and CP+. Project planning and student screening will occur in Year 1, with three cohorts of schools and students in intervention in Years 2-4, and follow-up data for the Year 4 cohort collected in Year 5. Twenty middle schools (6th to 8th grade) in large districts in Alabama, representing diverse student populations across race and poverty levels will be included in the project. To address Aim 1, 20 schools implementing Tier 1 SWPBIS to criterion (i.e., a score of at least 70% on a validated fidelity measure; Mercer et al., 2017) will be randomly assigned to the Tier 1 conditions: SWPBIS+ training or continued SWPBIS implementation. Within each middle school (6th and 7h grade), students with high levels of externalizing behavior (top 25% based on screening, described below) will be recruited and randomly assigned to CP or CP+. At each of the 20 schools, 17 children will be included for CP intervention for each new cohort in Years 2-4, yielding 1,020 students total with 510 students in each condition for the CP vs. CP+ contrast.