Natural disaster effects on aggressive children and their caretakers: Outcomes ac

自然灾害对攻击性儿童及其看护者的影响：结果

• 批准号: 9315022
• 负责人: JOHN E LOCHMAN
• 金额: $ 48.84万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA IN TUSCALOOSA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-20 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9315022
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Anxiety; Area; Attention; Attenuated; Autonomic nervous system; Behavioral; Caregivers; Characteristics; Child; Child Rearing; Cognitive Therapy; Data; Data Collection; Diagnostic; Disasters; Disease; Disruptive Behavior Disorder; Distress; Emotional; Emotional disorder; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Event; Exposure to; Family; Family Characteristics; Funding; Galvanic Skin Response; Genes; Genetic Markers; Grant; Heart Rate; Intervention; Intervention Trial; Life; Link; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health Services; Natural Disasters; Outcome; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Physiological; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Prevention Research; Prevention trial; Psychophysiology; Public Health; Race; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Services; Sinus Arrhythmia; Social Functioning; Social support; Socioeconomic Status; Stress; Substance abuse problem; Support System; Temperament; Time; Tornadoes; Trauma; Youth; base; biopsychosocial; cohort; coping; follow-up; high risk; innovation; peer; public health relevance; respiratory; response; sex; social; substance use prevention; teacher; therapy design; trial comparing; tv watching

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study will examine the effects of a tornado-related natural disaster on children and parents participating in an ongoing substance use prevention trial and will allow a unique opportunity to examine changes in children's and parents' predisaster and postdisaster functioning on a comprehensive range of biopsychic- social indicators and on substance abuse and mental health service use in an already at-risk sample. Research on the service use, substance use, behavioral and emotional effects of natural disasters on children and their caretakers has received limited empirical attention, even though such disasters have considerable public health significance due to increases in disordered emotional and behavioral functioning and service use demands. Existing studies of the aftereffects of natural disasters on children are limited by not knowing how much the disaster changed the children's predisaster functioning. This will be the first disaster study that includes extensive data on children's behavioral, emotional, (teacher, parent, peer, and self reports), social (children's peer relations based on peer, teacher and self report) and psycho- physiological (skin conductance, heart rate, respiratory sinus arrhythmia) functioning both before and after disaster exposure. Another important innovation of the proposed study is that it will follow a sample of preadolescent children identified as being at-risk prior to the disaster. Thus, the sample is likely to be more heavily influenced by the disaster (Kaminer et al., 2005; Resnick, 1995; Weems et al., 2010), because the tornado that devastated the study area adds another set of risk factors to already vulnerable children. The specific aims of the project are: 1 To explore changes in functioning pre-to-post tornado in children (emotional, behavioral, social, academic, and autonomic nervous system functioning and substance use) and primary caretakers (emotional functioning and parenting practices); 2) To explore moderation of changes in child and caretaker functioning pre-to-post tornado by degree of tornado exposure, by pre- tornado child (sex, ethnicity, temperamental anxiety) and family (socioeconomic status, post-tornado negative life events, levels of family social support, parenting practices) characteristics and by gene-by- environment (degree of exposure to the tornado) effects; 3) To explore moderation of post-tornado rates of substance abuse, mental health service use and diagnostic outcomes by degree of tornado exposure and pre-tornado child and family characteristics and by caretakers' and children's changes in functioning; 4) To determine whether cognitive behavioral intervention (Coping Power) delivered after the tornado (Cohort 3 versus Cohorts 1 and 2) attenuates increases in behavioral and emotional problems after the tornado in a transdiagnostic fashion. The funding sought here would make it possible to address these aims by supporting the assessment of the existing intervention sample at more frequent and longer-term time points and on additional measures linked to the specific aims.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究将检查龙卷风相关的自然灾害对参与正在进行的物质使用预防试验的儿童和家长的影响，并将提供一个独特的机会，以检查儿童和家长的灾前和灾后功能的变化，全面的生物心理-社会指标以及已经处于风险中的样本中的物质滥用和精神卫生服务的使用。关于自然灾害对儿童及其照料者的服务使用、物质使用、行为和情感影响的研究，得到了有限的实证关注，尽管由于混乱的情感和行为功能以及服务使用需求的增加，这种灾害具有相当大的公共卫生意义。现有的研究自然灾害对儿童的影响是有限的，不知道有多少灾难改变了儿童的灾前功能。这将是第一个灾难研究， 包括大量的数据，关于儿童的行为，情感，（老师，父母，同伴，和自我报告），社会（儿童的同伴关系，基于同伴，老师和自我报告）和心理生理（皮肤电导，心率，呼吸性窦性心律不齐）功能之前和之后的灾难暴露。拟议研究的另一个重要创新是，它将跟踪一个在灾害发生前被确定为处于危险之中的青春期前儿童的样本。因此，样本可能受到灾难的影响更大（Kaminer等人，2005; Resnick，1995; Weems等人，2010年），因为摧毁研究区域的龙卷风给已经脆弱的儿童增加了另一组风险因素。本研究的具体目的是：1.探讨儿童龙卷风前后功能的变化（情绪，行为，社会，学术和自主神经系统功能和物质使用）和主要照顾者（情感功能和育儿实践）; 2）通过龙卷风前儿童的龙卷风暴露程度，（性别、种族、气质焦虑）和家庭（社会经济地位，龙卷风后的负面生活事件，家庭社会支持水平，养育方式）特征和基因环境（龙卷风的暴露程度）影响; 3）探索龙卷风后药物滥用率的适度，精神卫生服务的使用和诊断结果，按龙卷风暴露程度和龙卷风前儿童和家庭特征以及照顾者和儿童功能的变化; 4）确定龙卷风后提供的认知行为干预（应对能力）（队列3与队列1和2）是否以transdiagnosis方式减弱龙卷风后行为和情绪问题的增加。在此寻求的资金将能够通过支持在更频繁和更长期的时间点评估现有干预措施样本以及与具体目标有关的其他措施来实现这些目标。