权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

The neural bases of placebo effects and their relation to regulatory processes

安慰剂效应的神经基础及其与调节过程的关系

基本信息

批准号：
10056222
负责人：
TOR D. WAGER
金额：
$ 74.06万
依托单位：
DARTMOUTH COLLEGE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-07-01 至 2023-10-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10056222
关键词：
Acupuncture Therapy Address Affect Affective Affective Symptoms Alcohol abuse Anxiety Area Brain Brain Diseases Cardiovascular Diseases Caring Cellular Phone Clinical Clinical Research Clinical Treatment Clinical Trials Cognitive Conceptions Deception Disease Drug abuse Emotions Expectancy Failure Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Funding Future Grant Individual Intervention Joints Learning Link Literature Machine Learning Major Depressive Disorder Masks Mediating Mediator of activation protein Mental Depression Mental Health Mental disorders Modeling Motivation Naloxone Neural Pathways Neurobiology Neurologic Neuronal Plasticity Operative Surgical Procedures Outcome Pain Parkinson Disease Participant Pathway interactions Patients Pattern Pattern Recognition Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacological Treatment Pharmacology Pharmacotherapy Physiology Placebo Effect Placebos Predisposition Process Psyche structure Psychotherapy Public Health Randomized Recording of previous events Regulation Research Risk Factors Role Shapes Sleep Social Anxiety Disorder Substance Use Disorder Suggestion Symptoms System Taste Perception Testing Time Wages Work active method base brain pathway clinical pain clinical practice clinically relevant clinically significant endogenous opioids expectation experience experimental study follow-up gastrointestinal function improved negative affect neurochemistry neuroimaging neuromechanism neuroregulation patient expectation placebo analgesia prevent programs psychologic relating to nervous system resilience response social social interventions social model success theories treatment response

项目摘要

Placebo treatments can induce clinically significant benefits, compared with no-treatment controls, across a variety of disorders. But placebo treatments themselves are pharmacologically and physically inert: Their benefits result from active brain and psychological responses to the treatment context. Neuroscientific studies have established that placebo treatments influence cortical-subcortical brain pathways and neurochemical systems relevant for expectation, appraisals of personal and social meaning, and value-driven learning. These systems are also related to symptom progression across mental health disorders and several other neurological and substance use disorders. Understanding the brain and psychological mechanisms of placebo effects will help improve psychological and neurological (e.g., neuromodulation-based) treatments across disorders. This R01 renewal funds an ongoing program of research that has made fundamental contributions to this literature. It has also identified several significant gaps that are particularly important for connecting placebo research to mental health. One gap is that our understanding of the brain mechanisms underlying placebo effects comes almost purely from studies of pain. The proposed studies extend previous work to study the brain pathways underlying placebo effects in anxiety and social rejection, negative affective processes directly relevant for multiple mental health disorders. Pattern-recognition (machine learning) analyses identify the most symptom-relevant pathways, and test effects of placebo and other context interventions on these pathways. In Aim 1 (Experiments 1-3), we develop models across multiple affective symptoms, parsing affective pathways into those that are symptom-specific and those that generalize across multiple symptoms and outcomes. We also address the role of endogenous opioids, strongly linked to placebo analgesia, in other negative affective experiences. Another gap is that most previous studies of the context variables that drive strong placebo effects—including social influences, treatment history—have not been studied extensively at the brain level. In Aim 2, we study the brain pathways underlying several promising context interventions that enhance the strength of placebo effects, including social modeling of successful or unsuccessful treatment response, initial experiences of treatment success or failure, and the match between placebo suggestions and a person’s predisposition to be receptive to them.

与不治疗相比，安慰剂治疗可以带来显著的临床益处