The effects of unison production on speech fluency in people with aphasia

齐声表达对失语症患者言语流畅性的影响

• 批准号: 10113428
• 负责人: Lauryn R. Zipse
• 金额: $ 47.47万
• 依托单位: MGH INSTITUTE OF HEALTH PROFESSIONS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-15 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10113428
• 关键词: Affect; Agrammatism; Aphasia; Characteristics; Effectiveness; Goals; Hearing; Heterogeneity; Impairment; Individual; Knowledge; Linguistics; Motor; Output; Pattern; Persons; Process; Production; Speech; Stimulus; Testing; Therapeutic; base; improved; individualized medicine; skills; syntax; therapy design

Many treatments designed to improve spoken output in persons with aphasia (PWAs) incorporate unison speech, having the person with aphasia speak along with the clinician or with a recording. The goal of this study is to determine the individual and stimulus characteristics that predict the degree of benefit from speaking in unison, and to investigate a possible mechanism for this benefit. This knowledge is important because understanding who benefits from this commonly used and potentially powerful therapy component, under which conditions they benefit, and why they do, is critical for customizing therapy for maximum therapeutic efficiency. Unison speech is conducted using one of two different timing patterns: (1) a natural conversational pattern, which is used in everyday conversations, or (2) a metrical pattern, which follows a beat-based timing framework, as in songs or some poems. In either case, precisely aligning one’s speech with that of another person (i.e., entraining one’s speech) requires prediction: motor commands must be formulated before the corresponding input from the other person has been heard and processed. While natural conversational timing requires the speaker to make use of syntactic knowledge to align with the other person, a metrical pattern allows a speaker to predict speech timing without relying heavily on syntactic knowledge. Given that many PWAs have an impaired ability to process syntax (i.e., agrammatism), we hypothesize that most PWAs will benefit more from speaking in unison to sentences with metrical vs. conversational timing patterns. However, there is great heterogeneity in linguistic, motor speech, and timing skills across PWAs, so metrical and conversational timing patterns are likely to have different degrees of effectiveness across individuals. Results from this study will demonstrate how individual characteristics and speech timing affect whether or not a person with aphasia benefits from speaking in unison, and will test whether predictive processing, as evidenced by true speech entrainment, is necessary for a benefit of unison speech production to be realized.

许多旨在改善失语症患者（PWAs）口语输出的治疗方法都包括协调一致的语音，让失语症患者与临床医生一起沿着说话或录音。本研究的目的是确定个人和刺激的特点，预测的程度，从统一说话的好处，并调查可能的机制，这种好处。这一知识很重要，因为了解谁从这一常用且可能强大的治疗成分中受益，他们在哪些条件下受益，以及为什么受益，对于定制治疗以实现最大治疗效率至关重要。和谐语音使用两种不同的计时模式之一进行：（1）自然对话模式，用于日常对话，或（2）韵律模式，遵循基于节拍的计时框架，如歌曲或一些诗歌。在任何一种情况下，精确地将一个人的语音与另一个人的语音对齐（即，引导一个人的言语）需要预测：必须在听到和处理来自另一个人的相应输入之前制定运动命令。虽然自然的会话时间要求说话者利用句法知识来与另一个人保持一致，但韵律模式允许说话者在不严重依赖句法知识的情况下预测语音时间。考虑到许多PWA具有受损的处理语法的能力（即，语法错误），我们假设大多数PWA将从与韵律与会话时间模式一致的句子中受益更多。然而，有很大的异质性，在语言，运动言语，和跨PWAs的时间技能，所以韵律和会话的时间模式很可能有不同程度的有效性在个人之间。本研究的结果将展示个人特征和语音时间如何影响失语症患者是否从一致讲话中受益，并将测试预测处理（如真实语音夹带所证明）是否对实现一致语音生产的益处是必要的。