The effects of unison production on speech fluency in people with aphasia

齐声表达对失语症患者言语流畅性的影响

• 批准号: 10449148
• 负责人: Lauryn R. Zipse
• 金额: $ 14.4万
• 依托单位: MGH INSTITUTE OF HEALTH PROFESSIONS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-15 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10449148
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Agrammatism; Aphasia; Apraxias; Behavior; Characteristics; Clinical; Data; Development; Disease; Effectiveness; Elements; Exhibits; Future; Goals; Hearing; Heterogeneity; Home; Impairment; Individual; Knowledge; Language; Lead; Linguistics; Measures; Modeling; Motor; Music; Output; Participant; Pattern; Performance; Persons; Process; Production; Sampling; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Speech; Standardization; Stimulus; Structure; Techniques; Testing; Therapeutic; Work; base; improved; individualized medicine; skills; syntax; therapy design

Project Summary Many treatments designed to improve spoken output in persons with aphasia (PWAs) incorporate unison speech, having the person with aphasia speak along with the clinician or with a recording. The goal of this study is to determine the individual and stimulus characteristics that predict the degree of benefit from speaking in unison, and to investigate a possible mechanism for this benefit. This knowledge is important because understanding who benefits from this commonly used and potentially powerful therapy component, under which conditions they benefit, and why they do, is critical for customizing therapy for maximum therapeutic efficiency. Unison speech is conducted one of two different timing patterns: (1) a natural conversational pattern, which is used in everyday conversations, or (2) a metrical pattern, which follows a beat-based timing framework, as in songs or some poems. In either case, precisely aligning one's speech with that of another person (i.e., entraining one's speech) requires prediction: motor commands must be formulated before the corresponding input from the other person has been heard and processed. While natural conversational timing requires the speaker to make use of syntactic knowledge to align with the other person, a metrical pattern allows a speaker to predict speech timing without relying heavily on syntactic knowledge. Given that many PWAs have an impaired ability to process syntax (i.e., agrammatism), we hypothesize that most PWAs will benefit more from speaking in unison to sentences with metrical vs. conversational timing patterns. However, there is great heterogeneity in linguistic, motor speech, and timing skills across PWAs, so metrical and conversational timing patterns are likely to have different degrees of effectiveness across individuals. Results from this study will evaluate how individual characteristics and speech timing affect whether or not a person with aphasia will benefit from speaking in unison, and will test whether predictive processing, as evidenced by true speech entrainment, is necessary for a benefit of unison speech production to be realized.

项目摘要 许多旨在改善失语症患者(PWAS)口语输出的治疗方法包括统一语音， 让失语症患者与临床医生或录音一起说话。这项研究的目标是 确定预测一致发言的受益程度的个体和刺激特征， 并研究这一益处的可能机制。这一知识很重要，因为理解 世卫组织受益于这一常用且潜在强大的治疗成分，在什么情况下 他们受益，以及他们为什么这样做，对于定制治疗以实现最大的治疗效率至关重要。合唱 语音是通过两种不同的计时模式之一进行的：(1)一种自然的会话模式，用于 日常对话，或(2)一种韵律模式，遵循基于节拍的计时框架，如歌曲或 一些诗。在任何一种情况下，准确地使一个人的讲话与另一个人的讲话一致(即，牵扯某人的 语音)需要预测：必须在相应的输入之前制定运动命令 其他人已被听取和处理。而自然的会话计时需要说话者做出 利用句法知识与另一个人对齐，韵律模式允许说话人预测语音 在不严重依赖语法知识的情况下进行计时。鉴于许多PWA的能力受到损害 过程句法(即，语法错误)，我们假设大多数PWA将从一致发言中获益更多 到具有韵律和会话时间模式的句子。然而，在语言上存在很大的异质性， 运动语言和计时技能，因此韵律和会话计时模式可能具有 不同个体之间的有效性程度不同。这项研究的结果将评估个人 特征和语音时序影响失语症患者是否会从讲话中受益 一致，并将测试预测性处理，如真实的言语夹带所证明的，是否对 统一语音制作的效益有待实现。