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The role of AIM2 in T cell-mediated autoimmunity

AIM2 在 T 细胞介导的自身免疫中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
10083178
负责人：
Roland M Tisch
金额：
$ 38.88万
依托单位：
UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-01-05 至 2022-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10083178
关键词：
AIM2 gene AKT Signaling Pathway Affect Antigen-Presenting Cells Antigens Autoimmune Diseases Autoimmune Process Autoimmunity Automobile Driving Binding CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes Cell Compartmentation Cell Death Cell physiology Cells Cellular immunotherapy Complex DNA DNA-dependent protein kinase Defect Dendritic Cells Development Diabetes Mellitus Eragrostis Event Exhibits Foundations Goals Homeostasis Host Defense Human Hypersensitivity Immune Immunotherapy Inbred NOD Mice Inflammasome Inflammation Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Interleukin-18 Malignant Neoplasms Mediating Mediator of activation protein Mind Modeling Natural Immunity PI3K/AKT Pathogenicity Pathway interactions Peripheral Phenotype Phosphorylation Production Property Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt Regulation Role Self Tolerance Signal Pathway Signal Transduction Stimulus T-Lymphocyte T-Lymphocyte Subsets Testing Therapeutic Thymic epithelial cell Thymus Gland Tissues Work base central tolerance diabetogenic ds-DNA immunoregulation insight negative affect novel pathogen pathogenic microbe peripheral tolerance prevent response sensor

项目摘要

SUMMARY/ABSTRACT T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases such as Type 1 diabetes (T1D) are due to complex events leading to dysregulation of central and peripheral tolerance. Defining the mechanisms regulating self-tolerance are critical for understanding the autoimmune process as well as for rational development of immunotherapies to prevent and treat T1D and other T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. This application is based on our novel observation that NOD mice deficient in the AIM2 inflammasome molecule remain diabetes-free. AIM2 is a cytoplasmic immune sensor involved in host defense. Upon binding double stranded DNA from a microbial pathogen, AIM2 assembles into an inflammasome complex that drives the production of proinflammatory IL-1bβ and IL-18, and pyroptosis-mediated cell death. Recent studies, however, have demonstrated that AIM2 can serve a regulatory function outside of host defense via a nonconical pathway that is independent of inflammasome activation. Here, AIM2 functions as a negative regulator of the kinase DNA-PK in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. We find that the lack of diabetes in AIM2-deficient NOD mice is also independent of inflammasome activation. Furthermore, evidence suggests that bβ cell autoimmunity in AIM2-deficient NOD mice is blocked by multiple mechanisms affecting thymic antigen presenting cells, peripheral dendritic cell function and T cell subset differentiation. We hypothesize that AIM2 serves as a key checkpoint in regulating PI3K/DNA-PK/AKT- dependent stimuli and cellular maturation/differentiation, which impacts self-tolerance and the diabetogenic response. Our goal is to define the key mechanisms by which AIM2 regulates self-tolerance. With this in mind, Specific Aim 1 will focus on AIM2 effects on the stimulatory function of medullary thymic epithelial cells and thymic dendritic cells. Specific Aim 2 will define the role of AIM2 in regulating dendritic cell proinflammatory versus tolerogenic function. Finally, Specific Aim 3 will investigate how AIM2 controls the efficiency of pathogenic T cell subset differentiation. This work is expected to provide insight into new mechanisms and pathways by which central and peripheral self-tolerance are regulated, as well as a foundation to target the AIM2 pathway for therapeutic purposes.

摘要/文摘