Exploring the Innate Sensors Underlying Cancer Immunosurveillance
探索癌症免疫监视背后的先天传感器
基本信息
- 批准号:10082443
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 5.1万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2019
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2019-01-01 至 2021-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:Adaptive Immune SystemAllelesAutomobile DrivingCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCancer PatientCell DeathCell LineCellsCharacteristicsChromosomal InstabilityClinicalCross PresentationDataDominant-Negative MutationEndogenous RetrovirusesEnterobacteria phage P1 Cre recombinaseFlow CytometryGene ExpressionHumanIFNAR1 geneImmune checkpoint inhibitorImmune systemImmunologic SurveillanceImmunotherapyImplantInfiltrationInnate Immune SystemInterferonsIntrinsic factorKinesinKnock-outKnockout MiceLigandsLoxP-flanked alleleMalignant NeoplasmsMeasuresMediatingMicrotubule DepolymerizationModelingMusMutationPathway interactionsPatientsProductionSignal PathwaySignal TransductionSolid NeoplasmStimulator of Interferon GenesSystemT-LymphocyteTestingTherapeutic InterventionToxic effectTumor VolumeTumor-DerivedTumor-infiltrating immune cellsWorkXCR1 genebasecancer therapycell transformationcell typecheckpoint inhibitionclinical predictorsconditional knockoutcytokinecytotoxic CD8 T cellsfallsimmune checkpoint blockadeimmunogenicimprovedin vivoinnate immune mechanismsknock-downmelanomamemberneutralizing antibodynovel therapeutic interventionoverexpressionpathogenpromoterresponsesensorsmall molecule inhibitorsubcutaneoustranscriptome sequencingtumortumor DNAtumor microenvironment
项目摘要
Project Summary
While checkpoint blockade has provided unprecedented clinical benefit, there are still many cancer patients who
remain unresponsive to therapy. Given that the presence of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells predicts clinical
responses, there has been increased focus on what spontaneously generates this “inflamed” tumor
microenvironment. In answering this question, current approaches have identified phagocytosed tumor DNA as
the ligand that activates cGAS-STING pathway in BATF3-dependent DCs to elicit type I IFN signaling that
ultimately matures DCs and effectively primes T cells. These approaches, however, depend primarily on tumor
models that highly express infectious endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), which is absent in human cancers.
Because there is the possibility that type I IFN and innate sensors are being erroneously induced, we propose
to use ERV-free immunogenic YUMMER melanoma lines developed by Marcus Bosenberg to study the innate
sensors involved in activating DCs. Based on preliminary data demonstrating that tumor rejection is STING-
dependent but cGAS-independent and recent studies showing that chromosomal instability (CIN) in cancer can
autonomously activate cGAS-STING-NFkB pathway, we hypothesize that CIN is activating tumor production of
cGAMP which then transactivates STING in nearby BATF3-dependent DCs, leading to NFkB signaling and DC
maturation. To directly test this, I will pursue the following aims. For my first aim, I will determine the host cell
type in which STING expression is required for cancer immunosurveillance. To accomplish this, I will
subcutaneously implant YUMMER cells in mice lacking various DC lineages and screen for any deficiencies in
tumor rejection, tracking tumor volume and measuring DC activation and T cell infiltration by flow cytometry. For
my second aim, I will identify the tumor-derived ligand that is responsible for activating host STING. To
do this, I will induce CIN in YUMM cells (the non-immunogenic parental cell line of YUMMER lines) by
overexpressing the dominant negative allele of microtubule depolymerizing kinesin (MCAK) to test whether CIN
is sufficient to induce a host STING-dependent rejection. We will also stably knockout cGAS in YUMMER cells
to assess whether spontaneous rejection can be abrogated in the absence of tumor cGAMP production. For my
third aim, I will elucidate the downstream signaling pathway elicited by host STING. By conditionally
knocking out NFkB pathway components in the identified DC lineage, we will verify whether NFkB is required for
cancer immunosurveillance. Next, we will utilize RNA-Seq of sorted DCs to identify potential cytokines driving
tumor rejection and verify that these identified cytokines are required for immunosurveillance by administration
of depleting cytokines. If our hypothesis proves true, we will have identified how the innate immune system
broadly recognizes cancer as a pathogen to initiate a specific adaptive response. We expect that our findings
will uncover new strategies to convert “cold” tumors into “hot” ones that can be targeted with checkpoint inhibition.
项目总结:
虽然检查站的封锁已经为临床带来了前所未有的好处,但仍有许多癌症患者在接受治疗。
对化疗仍然没有反应。考虑到肿瘤浸润性CD8+T细胞的存在可能预示着临床上的癌症。
尽管有一些反应,但人们越来越多地关注它自发地产生了什么,从而导致了肿瘤的发炎。
微环境。在回答这个问题时,目前的一些方法已经发现吞噬的肿瘤和DNA是不同的。
在依赖BATF3的树突状细胞中,激活cGAS激活信号通路的第一配体能够诱导I型干扰素信号传导。
最终使DC成熟,并有效地启动T细胞。然而,这些新的方法主要取决于肿瘤。
这些模型高度表达传染性和内源性逆转录病毒(ERV),而ERV在大多数人类癌症中并不存在。
因为存在这样一种可能性,即I型干扰素和先天免疫传感器正在被错误地诱导,所以我们建议。
为了使用不含ERV和免疫原性的YUMMER黑色素瘤细胞系,由马库斯·博森伯格教授开发,以进一步研究这种先天基因。
传感器参与了对DC的激活。根据他们的初步研究数据,他们证明了肿瘤的排斥反应正在加剧。
依赖于cGAS但不依赖于cGAS的研究和最近的研究表明,染色体不稳定基因(CIN)在癌症发病中可能起作用。
自主地激活cGAS-sting-NFkB途径,我们可以假设,红霉素正在激活肿瘤细胞的产生能力。
CGAMP随后会在附近依赖BATF3的DC中激活激活剂,从而导致NFkB发出信号,并向DC发送信号。
成熟。为了直接测试这一点,我将继续追求以下目标。对于我的第一个目标,我将不会确定谁是我的第一个宿主细胞。
键入癌症和免疫监控所需的抑制基因表达的信息。为了实现这一目标,我将继续努力。
将YUMMER干细胞移植到缺乏各种DC谱系的小鼠的皮下,并对其进行筛查,以确定是否存在任何基因缺陷。
肿瘤排斥反应,跟踪肿瘤体积,并用流式细胞仪检测DC活化和T细胞浸润。
我的第二个目标是,我将不会确定谁是主要的肿瘤来源的配体,它是激活宿主刺激物的主要责任。
做到这一点,我将在YUMMER红细胞系(YUMMER红细胞系的第一个非免疫原性亲本红细胞系)中诱导红霉素产生。
过度表达微管和解聚激动素基因(MCAK)的主要负性等位基因,以检测是否有丝裂原。
我们还将在YUMMER的细胞中稳定地敲除cGAS基因。
为了更好地评估在肿瘤细胞cGAMP基因生产严重缺失的情况下,是否可以废除这种自发的排斥反应。
第三,我将有条件地阐明由宿主诱导的下游信号转导途径。
在已确定的DC谱系中敲除NFkB通路和组件,我们将无法验证NFkB通路是否是治疗所必需的。
癌症与免疫监控。下一步,我们将利用已分类的DC的RNA-Seq序列来进一步识别潜在的推动肿瘤的细胞因子。
肿瘤和排斥反应检查和检查证实,这些已确定的细胞因子是政府进行免疫监测所必需的。
如果我们的假设被证明是正确的,我们将无法确定先天免疫系统是如何发挥作用的。
人们普遍认为癌症是一种潜在的病原体,可以启动一种特殊的、适应性的免疫反应。我们可以预料到,这将是我们的研究结果。
我们将发现一种新的治疗策略,可以将肿瘤的“冷”转变为“热”,即通过检查点和抑制来实现靶向治疗。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(5)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
UVB-mediated DNA damage induces matrix metalloproteinases to promote photoaging in an AhR- and SP1-dependent manner.
- DOI:10.1172/jci.insight.156344
- 发表时间:2022-05-09
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:8
- 作者:Kim, Daniel J.;Iwasaki, Akiko;Chien, Anna L.;Kang, Sewon
- 通讯作者:Kang, Sewon
Kynurenic acid may underlie sex-specific immune responses to COVID-19.
- DOI:10.1126/scisignal.abf8483
- 发表时间:2021-07-06
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:7.3
- 作者:Cai Y;Kim DJ;Takahashi T;Broadhurst DI;Yan H;Ma S;Rattray NJW;Casanovas-Massana A;Israelow B;Klein J;Lucas C;Mao T;Moore AJ;Muenker MC;Oh JE;Silva J;Wong P;Yale IMPACT Research team;Ko AI;Khan SA;Iwasaki A;Johnson CH
- 通讯作者:Johnson CH
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Daniel J Kim其他文献
MP14-05 A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY OF TREATMENT DECISION-MAKING FOR PROSTATE CANCER FOLLOWING PARTICIPATION IN A MULTI-DISCIPLINARY CLINIC
MP14-05 参与多学科诊所后前列腺癌治疗决策的前瞻性队列研究
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2015 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
L. Hurwitz;J. Cullen;S. Elsamanoudi;Daniel J Kim;J. Hudak;Maryellen Colston;J. Travis;Huai;I. Rosner - 通讯作者:
I. Rosner
Daniel J Kim的其他文献
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