Neural and Cognitive Mechanisms of Attention and Memory Deficits in Cancer Survivors

癌症幸存者注意力和记忆缺陷的神经和认知机制

• 批准号: 10117216
• 负责人: James C Root
• 金额: $ 8.85万
• 依托单位: SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10117216
• 关键词: Active Learning; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Animals; Attention; Attentional deficit; Awareness; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Brain; Breast Cancer Patient; Breast Cancer Treatment; Breast Cancer survivor; Cancer Intervention; Cancer Survivor; Chemotherapy and/or radiation; Clinical; Cognitive; Cognitive remediation; Development; Electroencephalography; Event-Related Potentials; Failure; Goals; Intervention; Judgment; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Malignant Neoplasms; Measurement; Measures; Memory; Memory impairment; Methods; Monitor; Neuropsychological Tests; Participant; Pattern; Performance; Population; Preventive treatment; Process; Psychologist; Rehabilitation therapy; Reporting; Research; Retrieval; Stimulus; Survivors; Testing; Time; TimeLine; Work; base; cancer therapy; cancer-related cognitive impairment; chemotherapy; cognitive change; cognitive function; cognitive neuroscience; cognitive process; effective therapy; experience; experimental study; forgetting; information processing; innovation; long term memory; malignant breast neoplasm; memory process; metacognition; novel strategies; prevent; relating to nervous system; remediation; response; sensory gating; stem; success; sustained attention

PROJECT ABSTRACT Despite evidence that cancer survivors frequently report difficulties with long-term memory, traditional neuropsychological test batteries often fail to detect significant memory deficits in this population. Instead, recent research has suggested that complaints of `forgetfulness' often associated with cancer-related cognitive dysfunction (CRCD) can actually be attributed to failures during initial learning that result from attentional difficulties, rather than memory decay. However, no studies to date have directly tested how attentional failures in CRCD impact downstream memory processes such as initial learning success and subsequent retrieval performance. Moreover, the finding that survivors often mischaracterize attention problems as memory problems during retrieval raises the question of whether survivors have accurate awareness of their own cognitive failures in real time (metamemory). Accurate awareness of errors is critical to the efficacy of current cognitive remediation methods that rely on survivors' ability to accurate detect errors as they occur. To address these gaps in knowledge, we have developed an experiment that draws on methods from cognitive neuroscience of memory and metacognition to examine effects of attention on initial learning and subsequent retrieval in CRCD, as well as assess survivors' awareness of their own cognitive processes throughout the task. We will use electroencephalography (EEG) to examine the cognitive and neural underpinnings of attention and memory processes in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy and radiation (N=24), as compared to age-matched healthy adults (N=24). Participants will undergo EEG recording while completing a long-term memory task, including on-line subjective assessments of their own learning and retrieval performance. The objective of this proposal is to use EEG in conjunction with a cognitive-experimental paradigm to evaluate the following specific aims: Aim 1: Examine whether cancer survivors demonstrate abnormal ERP components during initial learning, and whether these are correlated with subsequent retrieval failures; and Aim 2: Use a metamemory task to assess the accuracy of survivors' subjective confidence in their initial learning and retrieval ability. This research is significant because use of cognitive-experimental measures could more precisely identify effects of attentional failures on initial learning in CRCD and evaluate whether survivors are deficient in the ability to accurately detect these failures in real time, which will inform the development of effective treatment interventions. This research is innovative because it uses cognitive neuroscience-based methods to test both neural and cognitive mechanisms involved in attention, learning, and retrieval, and utilizes a metamemory paradigm to evaluate survivors' accuracy in detecting cognitive errors during learning. The use of these tasks allows for measurement of both objective and subjective cognitive processes along the learning and memory timeline which, to date, have not been evaluated in cancer survivors suffering from CRCD.

项目摘要 尽管有证据表明癌症幸存者经常报告长期记忆困难，但传统的 神经心理测试组合往往无法在这一人群中检测到显著的记忆缺陷。相反， 最近的研究表明，抱怨“健忘”往往与癌症相关的认知 功能障碍(CRCD)实际上可以归因于最初学习过程中的失败，这是注意力引起的 困难，而不是记忆力衰退。然而，到目前为止还没有研究直接测试注意力有多集中 CRCD的失败会影响下游的记忆过程，如最初的学习成功和随后的 检索性能。此外，幸存者经常错误地将注意力问题描述为 提取过程中的记忆问题引发了这样一个问题：幸存者是否准确地意识到了他们 自己的认知故障实时(元记忆)。对错误的准确认识对于 目前的认知补救方法依赖于幸存者在错误发生时准确检测错误的能力。至 为了解决这些知识上的差距，我们开发了一个实验，利用认知的方法 记忆和元认知神经科学，考察注意对初始学习和后续学习的影响 CRCD中的提取，以及评估幸存者在整个过程中对自己认知过程的意识 任务。我们将使用脑电(EEG)来检查认知和神经基础 24例接受化疗和放疗的乳腺癌患者的注意力和记忆过程 与年龄匹配的健康成年人(N=24)进行比较。参与者将在完成一项 长时记忆任务，包括对自身学习和提取的在线主观评估 性能。这项建议的目标是将脑电与认知实验结合使用 评估以下具体目标的范例：目标1：检查癌症幸存者是否表现出 初始学习期间的异常事件相关电位成分，以及这些成分是否与随后的提取相关 目标2：使用元记忆任务来评估幸存者主观自信的准确性 初步的学习和检索能力。 这项研究意义重大，因为使用认知实验测量可以更准确地识别 注意障碍对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者初始学习的影响及评估存活者是否存在注意缺陷 能够实时准确地检测到这些故障，这将为开发有效的治疗方法提供信息 干预措施。这项研究是创新的，因为它使用了基于认知神经科学的方法来测试两者 神经和认知机制涉及注意力、学习和提取，并利用元记忆 评估幸存者在学习过程中检测认知错误的准确性的范式。这些任务的使用 允许测量学习和记忆过程中的客观和主观认知过程 时间线，到目前为止，还没有在患有慢性CD的癌症幸存者中进行评估。