Materials Core (MC)

材料核心（MC）

• 批准号: 10116402
• 负责人: Lavrent Khachatryan
• 金额: $ 18.19万
• 依托单位: LOUISIANA STATE UNIV A&M COL BATON ROUGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10116402
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Airborne Particulate Matter; Benzene; Biological; Biological Models; Biomedical Research; Certification; Characteristics; Chemicals; Chlorinated Hydrocarbons; Collaborations; Collection; Communication; Communities; Complex; Custom; Data; Diagnostic; Dioxins; Ecology; Environment; Environmental Engineering technology; Environmental Health; Equipment; Event; Experimental Designs; Free Radicals; Funding; Generations; Hazardous Substances; Hazardous Waste; Health; Health Hazards; Industrialization; Iron; Laboratories; Maintenance; Metals; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Modification; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Particulate Matter; Phenols; Procedures; Process; Production; Property; Reproducibility; Research; Research Project Grants; Retrieval; Sampling; Services; Soil; Stream; Superfund; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Transition Elements; Translational Research; Translations; Wood material; Work; advanced analytics; base; cardiovascular health; chemical property; combustion product; community engagement; density; design; design and construction; diphenyl; experience; experimental study; exposed human population; hazard; improved; instrumentation; method development; particle; pollutant; programs; remediation; repository; research study; respiratory health; success; superfund site; treatment site

Project Summary/Abstract: Materials Core Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs), while increasingly appreciated for their importance in particulate matter (PM), remain understudied. They are an important contaminant at many Superfund sites, and are a unique component of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences’ portfolio. Nearly 30% of Superfund sites employ some type of thermal treatment (TT) and thus produce EPFRs. We have repeatedly shown that EPFRs form and persist on PM generated by combustion and TT of chlorinated hydrocarbons and other hazardous substances and are present in contaminated Superfund soils and airborne PM near industrialized Superfund sites. TT remediation processes result in the production of EPFRs that adversely affect respiratory and cardiovascular health of those living near Superfund and hazardous waste TT sites. The Materials Core (MC) is a research service Core tasked with providing material and analytical support for the biomedical research (BMR) and environmental science and engineering (ESE) Projects. Within our program we have developed such model systems that allow for the studies of EPFRs using a bottom-up approach (i.e., starting with simple, EPFR-only samples, proceeding through more complex, multicomponent EPFRs up to actual field-collected EPFRs with variable composition). EPFR generation and characterization, according to requested specification and compositional design, is unique to the MC. Laboratory-made samples, with composition control, are a logical choice for systematic research studies. We will continue to generate EPFR- particle systems containing other transition metals (Fe, Cu, Ni, and Zn, as MexOy) and chlorinated benzenes, phenols, and chlorinated biphenyls because they are present in soils at wood-treating Superfund sites and catalyze pollutant formation (i.e., dioxins). A new particle generation system expands our studies to complex EPFRs stabilized on iron, the most common transition metal in PM present in many combustion by-products from TT. This new, two-stage combustion reactor developed in the MC, allows for synthesis of complex EPFRs—with combustion-driven composition and controlled EPFR content—which will be supplied to Projects 1, 2, 4 and 5. Additionally, the MC will assist Project 3 by providing specialized analytical capabilities and/or new techniques and methodologies in relation to particle collection, characterization, and human exposure assessment. This work is also being done in collaboration with the Community Engagement Core (CEC) and the Research Translation component of the Administrative Core to discuss potential chemical hazards and exposures with the communities. Through Project 3 and the CEC, the MC will work with communities and stakeholders to identify, quantify, and address environmental health hazards related to the vicinity of Superfund sites and Superfund materials remediation/TT.

项目概要/摘要：材料核心 环境持久性自由基（EPFRs），虽然越来越多地认识到其重要性， 颗粒物（PM），仍然研究不足。它们是许多超级基金场所的重要污染物， 并且是国家环境健康科学研究所产品组合的独特组成部分。近30% 的超级基金场地采用某种类型的热处理（TT），从而产生EPFR。我们一再 表明EPFR形成并持续存在于氯化烃燃烧产生的PM和TT上， 其他有害物质，并存在于污染的超级基金土壤和空气中的PM附近 工业化的超级基金网站。TT补救过程导致产生EPFR， 影响超级基金和危险废物TT场地附近居民的呼吸和心血管健康。的 材料核心（MC）是一个研究服务核心，负责为材料提供材料和分析支持， 生物医学研究（BMR）和环境科学与工程（ESE）项目。在我们的计划中 我们已经开发了允许使用自底向上方法（即， 从简单的仅EPFR样品开始，进行更复杂的多组分EPFR， 具有可变组成的实际现场收集的EPFR）。EPFR生成和表征，根据 所要求的规格和组成设计，是唯一的MC。实验室制作的样品， 成分控制，是系统研究的逻辑选择。我们将继续生产EPFR- 含有其他过渡金属（Fe、Cu、Ni和Zn，如MexOy）和氯化苯的颗粒系统， 苯酚和氯联苯，因为它们存在于木材处理超级基金场地的土壤中， 催化污染物形成（即，二恶英）。一个新的粒子生成系统将我们的研究扩展到复杂的 铁是PM中最常见的过渡金属，存在于许多燃烧副产物中 从TT。MC开发的这种新的两级燃烧反应器允许合成复杂的 EPFR-具有燃烧驱动成分和受控的EPFR含量-将提供给项目 1、2、4和5。此外，管理委员会将通过提供专门的分析能力和/或 与粒子收集、表征和人体接触有关的新技术和方法 考核这项工作也是与社区参与核心（CEC）合作进行的， 行政核心的研究翻译部分，讨论潜在的化学危害， 与社区接触。通过项目3和社区教育委员会，管理委员会将与社区合作， 利益相关者，以确定，量化，并解决与附近的环境健康危害 超级基金场地和超级基金材料补救/TT。