BLRD Research Career Scientist Award Application

BLRD 研究职业科学家奖申请

• 批准号: 10091811
• 负责人: William Maurice Shafer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-10-01 至 2027-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10091811
• 关键词: Antibiotic Resistance; Antibiotic Therapy; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial Resistance; Area; Award; Azithromycin; Bacteria; Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance; Bacterial Infections; Basic Science; Biological; Biological Models; Cefixime; Ceftriaxone; Cephalosporins; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Country; Coupled; Development; Disease; Disease Resistance; Education; Educational process of instructing; Faculty; Female; Funding; Funding Agency; Generations; Goals; Gonorrhea; Gynecologic; Health; Homeostasis; Host Defense; Human; Incidence; Infection; Infectious Agent; International; Journals; Knowledge; Laboratories; Leadership; Light; Link; Mediator of activation protein; Medical Research; Medicine; Membrane; Mentors; Military Personnel; Molecular; Mucous Membrane; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Pathogenesis; Peer Review; Permeability; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Postdoctoral Fellow; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Resistance; Resistance development; Resources; Science; Scientist; Sepsis; Services; Sexual Transmission; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Societies; Study Section; Surface; System; Transcriptional Regulation; Translational Research; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vaccines; Veterans; Virulence Factors; Work; antimicrobial; base; career; career development; clinical practice; combat; doctoral student; efflux pump; human pathogen; improved; male; medical schools; meetings; microbial; pathogen; pathogenic bacteria; pre-doctoral; programs; resistance factors; resistant strain; student mentoring; therapeutic vaccine; translational study; treatment strategy; vaccine development

Project Summary In this competitive renewal of my Senior Research Career Scientist (SRCS) award I will continue my research, service, and teaching/mentoring efforts that have been the areas of concentration during past funding periods. My research program focuses on antibiotic resistance as it is now recognized that the ability of bacterial pathogens to evade the action of antibiotics is now one of the most important threats to worldwide public health. My research program since entering the VA Medical Research service in 1987 has been to understand the molecular basis by which bacteria develop resistance to antimicrobials with the ultimate goal of advancing basic science knowledge to improving human health. As a model system, the laboratory has largely used the human sexually transmitted pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae since this pathogen has historically developed resistance to every antibiotic that has been brought into clinical practice and has a remarkable ability to avoid the action of multiple host defense systems. Our research focus is of importance to both the veteran/active military and civilian populations in the United States given that over 550,000 cases of gonorrhea are reported yearly with over 50% of N. gonorrhoeae isolates resistant to one or more antibiotics. Moreover, the worldwide estimate of cases approaches 100 million with reported instances of strains resistant to front-line antibiotics (azithromycin and/or ceftriaxone). A major accomplishment of my laboratory has been the finding that mechanisms of antibiotic resistance including multidrug efflux pumps, drug permeability changes due to alterations in outer membrane structure and inner membrane homeostasis can be linked to the ability of gonococci to evade mediators of host defense and survive during experimental infections. Thus, we advanced the concept that antibiotic resistance and bacterial pathogenesis are not necessarily separate entities and should be studied together. Importantly, our basic research efforts have now reached a point where translational-driven efforts can facilitate vaccine development and new antibiotic discovery. In addition to these research efforts, I have participated in and provided leadership for multiple local, national and international endeavors to combat antibiotic resistance. These efforts include extensive peer-review service for journals and study sections, membership on national and international advisory boards for agencies advancing new antibiotic development, teaching/mentoring programs through directing an NIH-funded T32 program for pre-doctoral students, developing and directing graduate level courses, and mentoring junior faculty at the Atlanta VA and Emory University School of Medicine. These extensive efforts coupled with my ongoing productive research program will be the focus of my SRCS-supported work during the next funding period.

项目摘要 在我的高级研究职业科学家(SRCS)奖的竞争性续签中，我将继续我的研究， 服务和教学/辅导工作一直是过去供资期间的重点领域。 我的研究项目专注于抗生素耐药性，因为现在人们认识到，细菌的能力 病原体逃避抗生素的作用现在是对全球公共卫生的最重要威胁之一。 自从1987年进入退伍军人医学研究服务以来，我的研究计划一直是了解 细菌对抗菌素产生抗药性的分子基础，最终目标是促进基本 科学知识对改善人类健康的作用。作为一个模型系统，实验室在很大程度上使用了人类 性传播病原体淋球菌，因为这种病原体历史上已经产生了抗药性 对于每一种已投入临床实践并具有显著能力避免 多主机防御系统。我们的研究重点对退伍军人/现役军人和 美国的平民人口，因为每年报告的淋病病例超过55万例， 超过50%的淋病奈瑟菌分离株对一种或多种抗生素耐药。此外，全球范围内对 报告的对一线抗生素(阿奇霉素)耐药的菌株病例接近1亿例 和/或头孢曲松)。我实验室的一项主要成就是发现了 抗生素耐药性，包括多药外排泵，药物通透性变化 外膜结构和内膜动态平衡与淋球菌 躲避宿主防御的介体，在实验感染期间存活。因此，我们将 抗生素耐药性和细菌致病不一定是独立的实体，应该 一起学习。重要的是，我们的基础研究工作现在已经达到了翻译驱动的地步 努力可以促进疫苗开发和新抗生素的发现。除了这些研究努力外，我还 参与并领导了多项地方、国家和国际努力，以打击 抗生素耐药性。这些努力包括为期刊和研究部分提供广泛的同行审查服务， 成为推动新抗生素开发机构的国家和国际咨询委员会成员， 通过指导NIH资助的博士前T32项目的教学/指导计划， 开发和指导研究生水平的课程，并指导亚特兰大退伍军人学院和埃默里大学的初级教员 大学医学院。这些广泛的努力加上我正在进行的富有成效的研究计划 将是我在下一个资助期内由SRCS支持的工作的重点。