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Testing a model of cortico-basal ganglia support for juvenile imitative learning in zebra finches

测试斑马雀幼年模仿学习的皮质基底节支持模型

基本信息

批准号：
10093973
负责人：
Samuel Brudner
金额：
$ 3.61万
依托单位：
DUKE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-02-01 至 2021-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10093973
关键词：
Acoustics Acute Address Adolescent Adult Age Basal Ganglia Behavior Behavioral Biological Models Biology Birds Child Data Development Disease Experimental Designs Failure Future Health Human Impairment Infant Laboratories Learning Length Lesion Life Location Methods Modeling Motor Motor Pathways Neurodevelopmental Disorder Neurologic Neurons Opsin Output Parents Pathway interactions Pattern Performance Play Process Property Psychological reinforcement Punishment Pupil Role Scientist Signal Transduction Specific qualifier value Speech Speech Sound Stereotyping Structure System Techniques Testing Time Training Variant Viral Vector Work autoencoder behavioral outcome experimental study improved innovation insight motor learning neuromechanism novel optogenetics role model skills stem tool tutoring unsupervised learning vector vocal learning vocalization zebra finch

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract Juveniles acquire crucial skills by imitating skilled adults, as when infants imitate their parents' speech sounds. Evidence suggests that cortico-basal ganglia (CBG) circuitry critically supports this process both in general and specifically when juvenile zebra finches learn to imitate an adult tutor, an experimentally tractable phenomenon. A cortical pathway in juvenile zebra finches can generate stereotyped song that becomes more similar to tutor song over the course of learning. A song-dedicated CBG circuit influences activity in this pathway, acutely increasing the variability of song acoustics from rendition to rendition. My preliminary data suggest that the CBG circuit also acutely induces a directional shift in song acoustics, compared to song generated by the cortical pathway without CBG influence. The proposed experiments test the idea that the CBG drives rapid acoustic shifts, directed at the imitation target, that slowly consolidate in downstream motor cortical structures. To test this hypothesis, I have developed a (1) novel song analysis and (2) a novel longitudinal experimental design that uses (3) innovative optogentic techniques in this model system. These experiments have the potential to significantly advance our understanding of CBG support for zebra finch song learning, and to test CBG reinforcement learning models in a learning domain that does not require external reinforcement.

项目摘要/摘要青少年通过模仿熟练的成年人获得关键技能，就像婴儿模仿父母的语音一样。有证据表明，皮质-基底节(CBG)回路对这一过程起关键作用。尤其是当幼年斑马雀学习模仿成年家教时，实验上容易驯服现象。幼年斑马雀的皮质通路可以产生刻板印象的歌声，变得更加类似于老师在学习过程中的歌声。歌曲专用的CBG电路影响着这一活动路径，急剧增加了歌曲声学从演唱到演唱的可变性。我的初步数据这表明，与歌曲相比，CBG回路还能敏锐地诱导歌曲声学上的方向性变化由皮质通路产生，不受CBG影响。拟议的实验验证了这样一种想法，即 CBG驱动针对模仿目标的快速声学转换，并在下游马达中慢慢巩固皮质结构。为了验证这一假设，我开发了(1)小说歌曲分析和(2)小说 (3)在该模型系统中采用创新的视光技术的纵向实验设计。这些实验有可能显著提高我们对CBG对斑雀鸣叫的支持的理解学习，并在不需要外部设备的学习领域中测试CBG强化学习模型增援。