Developmental Transitions, Social Networks, and Alcohol Use Among Non Four-Year College Emerging Adults

非四年制大学新生的发展转变、社交网络和饮酒情况

• 批准号: 10238897
• 负责人: Matthew K Meisel
• 金额: $ 18.05万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10238897
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adult; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Applications Grants; Area; Award; Baseline Surveys; Behavior; Chronic; Comprehension; Data; Development; Environment; Goals; Growth; Habits; Health; Heavy Drinking; Home; Independent Living; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Investigation; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Life; Light; Longevity; Marriage; Measurement; Measures; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Health; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Occupations; Parents; Participant; Pathway Analysis; Patient Recruitments; Pattern; Pilot Projects; Population; Prevention; Qualitative Methods; Research; Research Activity; Research Personnel; Research Training; Respondent; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Role; Sample Size; Sampling; Schools; Scientist; Seeds; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Social Network; Stress; Structure; Surveys; Time; Training; Training Activity; Universities; Work; Youth; age group; aged; alcohol misuse; base; binge drinking; career; cognitive interview; college; coping; critical developmental period; drinking; emerging adult; emerging adulthood; experience; follow-up; high school; improved; innovation; novel; peer; peer influence; physical conditioning; prospective; psychosocial; public health relevance; recruit; skills; substance use; theories; university student

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Alcohol misuse and its consequences peaks during emerging adulthood (the period of life between 18 to 25). Among those attending four-year universities, this rise is attributed to the college environment, where social interactions are largely associated with binge drinking. However, there is a paucity of knowledge that explains the rise in alcohol misuse among non four-year college emerging adults. Based on previous models with four- year college students, developmental milestones, stress, and social networks are relevant constructs that will be examined. This K01 proposal outlines a well-integrated research and training plan that will enable the PI (Dr. Meisel) to acquire the essential skills to become an independent researcher. This award will allow the researcher to (a) uncover important developmental milestones among an understudied population (i.e., non four-year college emerging adults), (b) learn a new methodology (i.e., respondent-driven sampling) that will help recruit individuals from this hard-to-reach population, and (c) use this knowledge to examine the relationship between alcohol use, stress, peer influence, and developmental milestones in this population. The proposed research consists of two stages: a formative research stage and a pilot study. Qualitative methods (30 individual interviews) will be utilized to identify important micro-level milestones and related transitions (i.e., moving away from home, obtaining a job) among this population. These interviews will also inform the researchers on (a) the role of alcohol and other substance use in everyday life, (b) the interplay between stress, goal attainment, and coping strategies, (c) the influence of peers, and (d) best methods to recruit and retain non four-year college emerging adults. Using the knowledge gained from these interviews, respondent-driven sampling (RDS) will be utilized to identify initial participants (termed seeds in RDS). These five seeds will complete the baseline survey and will receive three coupons to recruit their non four-year college peers. Multiple waves will be recruited, until the desired sample size is attained (N = 100). Follow-up surveys will be completed by all participants at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Results of the pilot study will inform our understanding of the mechanisms of peer influence among this population. This research will lead to subsequent grant applications that will (a) utilize RDS in other hard-to-reach populations and (b) lead to a larger scale investigation of mediators and moderators of peer influence among non four-year college emerging adults. The PI will work with an experienced and knowledgeable team of mentors (Drs. Nancy Barnett, John Light, Suzanne Colby, Miles Ott, Rochelle Rosen) to master four areas of training relevant to this proposal: 1) qualitative measurement, 2) developmental theories among non four-year college emerging adults, 3) RDS, and 4) longitudinal sociocentric network analysis. Overall, the research and training activities outlined in this K01 award contributes to (a) the development of an independent research scientist and (b) scientific knowledge in an understudied and hard-to-reach population.

项目摘要/摘要 酒精滥用及其后果在成年初期(18至25岁)达到顶峰。 在上四年制大学的人中，这一增长归因于大学环境，那里的社会环境 互动在很大程度上与酗酒有关。然而，知识的匮乏解释了 非四年制大学新生中酗酒现象的上升。基于之前的四个型号- 大学生年级、发展里程碑、压力和社会网络都是相关的概念， 检查过了。这份K01提案概述了一项整合良好的研究和培训计划，将使PI(Dr。 Meisel)获得成为独立研究人员的基本技能。这一奖项将允许 研究人员：(A)在研究不足的人群(即非 四年制大学新生)，(B)学习一种新的方法(即，受访者驱动的抽样)， 帮助从这一难以接触到的人群中招募个人，以及(C)利用这些知识来审查 酒精使用、压力、同伴影响和该人群发育里程碑之间的关系。这个 建议的研究包括两个阶段：形成研究阶段和初步研究阶段。定性方法(30 个人访谈)将被用来确定重要的微观里程碑和相关过渡(即， 离家出走，找到一份工作)。这些采访还将向 研究人员研究了(A)酒精和其他物质在日常生活中的作用，(B)压力之间的相互作用， 目标实现和应对战略；(C)同龄人的影响；(D)招聘和留住人才的最佳方法 非四年制大学新生成人。利用从这些访谈中获得的知识，以受访者为导向 将利用抽样(RDS)来确定初始参与者(RDS中称为种子)。这五颗种子将会 完成基线调查，将获得三张优惠券，以招募他们的非四年制大学同龄人。 将招募多个波，直到达到所需的样本大小(N=100)。后续调查将是 所有参与者在6个月、12个月、18个月和24个月时完成。试验研究的结果将为我们的 了解这一群体中同伴影响的机制。这项研究将导致 随后的赠款申请将(A)在其他难以接触到的人群中使用RDS和(B)导致 非四年制大学新生同伴影响中介和调节变量的更大范围调查 成年人。PI将与一支经验丰富、知识渊博的导师团队合作(Nancy Barnett博士、John 莱特、苏珊娜·科尔比、迈尔斯·奥特、罗谢尔·罗森)掌握与这项提议相关的四个培训领域：1) 定性测量，2)非四年制大学新生成人发展理论，3)RDS， (4)纵向社会中心网络分析。总体而言，本报告概述的研究和培训活动 K01奖有助于(A)独立研究科学家的发展和(B)科学知识 在一个未被充分研究和难以触及的人群中。