Practical Implementation of an Ultra-rapid FLASH Radiation Therapy Linac Beamline

超快速 FLASH 放射治疗直线加速器光束线的实际实施

• 批准号: 10245098
• 负责人: Vinod Bharadwaj
• 金额: $ 50.19万
• 依托单位: TIBARAY, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-03-17 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10245098
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Abate; Address; Biology; Cause of Death; Clinical; Collimator; Complex; Contracts; Dose; Dose-Rate; Electron Beam; Electrons; Epidemic; Failure; Freezing; Funding; Generations; Goals; Guns; Hand; Image; Infrastructure; Legal patent; Magnetism; Maintenance; Measures; Mechanics; Medical; Methods; Mission; Monitor; Motion; Organ; Output; Performance; Phase; Photons; Physiologic pulse; Physiological; Plant Leaves; Production; Radiation; Radiation Dose Unit; Radiation Oncology; Radiation therapy; Resolution; Risk; Roentgen Rays; Scanning; Scheme; Science; Secure; Shapes; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Source; Specific qualifier value; Speed; Study models; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Therapeutic; Therapeutic Index; Time; Tissues; Toxic effect; Translating; Universities; Work; base; beamline; cancer radiation therapy; cancer therapy; clinical translation; commercialization; cost; cost effective; cost effectiveness; design; improved; innovation; mechanical device; new technology; next generation; novel; phase 1 designs; preclinical study; proton therapy; prototype; radiation delivery; radio frequency; side effect; simulation; treatment planning; tumor

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The mission of TibaRay, Inc. is to develop and clinically translate next-generation radiation therapy technologies for the treatment of cancer, the single leading cause of death worldwide and increasing epidemically. A major advance in radiation therapy (RT) that has increased its curative potential and decreased side effects is the ability to sculpt radiation doses exquisitely in 3D to conform to tumors and spare surrounding healthy organs. This is achieved by delivering radiation beams to the tumor from multiple directions, each of which has an optimized spatial intensity distribution. However, the fastest treatment times are still minutes long, limited by both beam intensities in electron linacs and the mechanical systems that are used to direct and shape the beams. Recently, ultra-fast (<1s) high dose rate (300X) FLASH-RT has proven in pre-clinical studies to have high therapeutic index. But there is no existing technology to enable this therapy in the clinical, photon-based setting. To address these major shortcomings of current state-of-the-art radiation delivery systems, TibaRay has proposed a radical new design for RT systems, Pluridirectional High-energy Agile Scanning Electronic Radiotherapy (PHASER). It is based on patented, novel technologies to produce intensity-modulated therapeutic energy x-ray beams from multiple directions using no mechanical systems to direct (i.e. no rotating gantry) or shape the treatment beams (i.e. no mulit-leaf collimator). This is achieved by using an array of novel electron linacs each of which uses a magnetic electron beam scanning scheme paired with an extended bremsstrahlung target and multi-channel collimator array system referred to as Scanning Pencil-array-collimated High Speed Intensity-modulated X-ray source (SPHINX). Each of the novel linacs used in PHASER are far more efficient and will generate more beam than conventional medical linacs. In the full PHASER design, it is estimated that the treatment time can be reduced to <1s, effectively freezing physiological motion. The novel accelerator technology uses much simpler manufacturing techniques and production costs for PHASER are projected to be about the same as current state-of-the-art systems and maintenance/downtime costs should be lower. Initial proof of principle for the subsystems needed for PHASER have been demonstrated and design simulations have been performed in Phase 1. In Phase II, TibaRay, in partnership with the Stanford University Department of Radiation Oncology will optimize, build and test at first a single complete beam line with full maximum power. Then we will build and test a two-beam PHASER prototype to demonstrate the full rapid RF switching capability. These tests will be used to de-risk the primary working components of the system and will enable swift progress towards commercialization and clinical translation. Our novel technology will help fill a tremendous worldwide need for high-quality, cost-effective radiation therapy for cancer.

项目总结/摘要 TibaRay公司的使命是开发和临床转化下一代放射治疗技术 用于治疗癌症，癌症是世界范围内死亡的唯一主要原因，并且呈逐年增加的趋势。 放射治疗（RT）的一个重大进展，增加了其治疗潜力和减少副作用， 能够在3D中精细地塑造辐射剂量，以符合肿瘤并保留周围的健康器官。 这是通过从多个方向向肿瘤递送辐射束来实现的，每个方向具有对应的辐射束。 优化空间强度分布。然而，最快的治疗时间仍然是几分钟长， 电子直线加速器中的束强度以及用于引导和成形束的机械系统。 最近，超快（<1 s）高剂量率（300 X）FLASH-RT已在临床前研究中证明具有高剂量率。 治疗指数但是，目前还没有现有的技术，使这种疗法在临床上，光子为基础的设置。 为了解决当前最先进的辐射输送系统的这些主要缺点，TibaRay 提出了一种全新的RT系统设计，多方向高能敏捷扫描电子 放射治疗（相位）。它是基于专利，新颖的技术，生产强度调制治疗 来自多个方向的能量X射线束，不使用机械系统来引导（即，不旋转机架），或 成形治疗光束（即无多叶准直器）。这是通过使用一个新的电子阵列来实现的。 其中每个直线加速器都使用与扩展韧致辐射配对的磁电子束扫描方案 靶和多通道准直器阵列系统称为扫描笔阵列准直高速 强度调制X射线源（SPHINX）。PHASER中使用的每一种新型直线加速器都要高效得多， 将产生比传统医用直线加速器更多的光束。在完整的相位器设计中，估计 治疗时间可缩短至<1 s，有效冻结生理运动。新型加速器技术 使用简单得多的制造技术，PHASER的生产成本预计约为 与当前最先进的系统相同，并且维护/停机成本应该更低。 已经证明了相位器所需子系统的初步原理证明，并进行了设计模拟。 已在第1阶段进行。在第二阶段，TibaRay与斯坦福大学系合作 放射肿瘤学中心将首先优化、构建和测试一条具有最大功率的完整射束线。 然后，我们将建立和测试一个双波束相位器原型，以证明完整的快速RF开关能力。 这些测试将用于降低系统主要工作部件的风险，并将使进展迅速 走向商业化和临床转化。 我们的新技术将有助于满足全球对高质量、低成本放射治疗的巨大需求 治疗癌症