Schools Championing Safe South Africa: An Intervention Engaging Teachers and Students in Adolescent Prevention of HIV risk and Intimate Partner Violence

项目概要/摘要 青春期是一个理想的发展过渡期，可以采取综合干预措施， 艾滋病毒风险行为和亲密伴侣暴力（IPV），包括性暴力。青春期男孩 特别是艾滋病毒和IPV的高风险。然而，很少有行为干预措施将HIV-IPV 预防和针对青春期男孩的独特发展需要量身定制。教育环境 在塑造青春期男孩的行为选择方面起着至关重要的作用。具体来说，教师和学生同行 在四个重要方面，作为改变青春期男孩艾滋病毒和IPV预防需求的推动者。第一、 教师和学生同伴影响社区规范适当的青少年男性行为有关， 约会，关系，以及学校生态中的性暴力。第二，教师和学生同伴有 与青少年的持续接触，因此，可以在青少年的生活中发挥有影响力的作用，作为榜样， 健康的规范。第三，教师和学生同伴实质性地激励和加强保护行为， 预防HIV和IPV。第四，教师要做好理想的准备，以提供年龄-和发展- 为青少年量身定制的预防干预措施，因为他们受过专业培训，可以与青少年接触， 年龄和发展适当的教学。尽管教师和学生同伴的重要作用 在促进青少年健康方面，目前在全球优先考虑的环境中没有艾滋病毒-IPV干预措施， 这些流行病以学校环境中的教师和学生为目标。在这项研究中，我们将开发 然后调查学校支持安全南非的可接受性和可行性， 艾滋病毒-IPV干预，教师和学生同龄人参与青春期男孩的发展量身定制的 采用社会规范方法预防青少年艾滋病毒危险行为和IPV。我们在南方工作 非洲是世界上艾滋病毒流行最严重的国家，也是IPV发病率最高的国家之一。我们提出 具体目标如下：（1）发展目标-从教师那里收集行为和社会规范数据， * 在3所学校向学生（目标是75%的学生）提供关于学生一级预防艾滋病毒和IPV的信息， 为学校提供安全南非的社会规范运动内容;（2）完善目标-完善 使用n = 5 - 10次访谈， 教师和k = 3 - 6个焦点小组与学校#1的学生（海报运动精致学校）;以及（3）Ac- 可接受性和可行性目标-进行社会规范运动的随机对照试验， 将学校#2（实验干预学校）与学校#3（等待名单控制学校）进行配对，其中1-和6- 一个月的随访，以衡量高风险性行为和IPV犯罪风险学生的变化 (e.g., 15 - 17岁的青春期男孩），并评估未来干预措施的可接受性和可行性 完全有效性试验。研究结果将推动年轻人的预防性干预科学 在艾滋病毒和暴力预防的全球优先事项设置中，艾滋病毒和IPV风险。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Adolescence presents an ideal developmental transition period for an integrated intervention targeting preven- tion of HIV risk behaviors and intimate partner violence (IPV) including sexual violence. Adolescent boys in particular, are at high risk for HIV and perpetration of IPV. Yet, few behavioral interventions integrate HIV-IPV prevention and are tailored for the unique developmental needs of adolescent boys. Educational environments play a vital role in shaping behavioral choices among adolescent boys. Specifically, teachers and student peers serve as agents of change for adolescent boys’ HIV and IPV prevention needs in four important ways. First, teachers and student peers influence community norms for appropriate adolescent male behaviors relating to dating, relationships, and sexual violence within the school ecology. Second, teachers and student peers have persistent contact with adolescents and thus, can play an influential role in adolescents’ lives as role models for healthy norms. Third, teachers and student peers substantively motivate and reinforce protective behaviors re- lating to prevention of HIV and IPV. Fourth, teachers are ideally prepared to deliver age- and developmentally- tailored preventive interventions to adolescents because they are professionally trained to engage with adoles- cents in age and developmentally appropriate teaching. Despite the important role of teachers and student peers in promoting the health of adolescents, there are currently no HIV-IPV interventions in global priority settings for these epidemics that target teachers and student peers in school environments. In this study, we will develop and then investigate the acceptability and feasibility of Schools Championing Safe South Africa, an integrated HIV-IPV intervention where teachers and student peers engage adolescent boys in a developmentally-tailored approach to prevent adolescent HIV risk behavior and IPV using a social norms approach. We work in South Africa, a country with the largest HIV epidemic and some of the highest rates of IPV in the world. We propose the following specific aims: (1) Development aim – Gather behavioral and social norms data from teachers and students (aiming for 75% of students) relating to student-level prevention of HIV and IPV in 3 schools to inform the social norms campaign content for Schools Championing Safe South Africa; (2) Refinement aim – Refine content for the social norms poster campaign and other intervention components using n=5-10 interviews with teachers and k=3-6 focus groups with students in School #1 (poster campaign refinement school); and (3) Ac- ceptability and feasibility aim – Conduct a randomized controlled pilot trial of the social norms campaign com- paring School #2 (experimental intervention school) versus School #3 (wait list control school) with 1- and 6- month follow-up to measure change among students at high risk for sexual risk behavior and IPV perpetration (e.g., adolescent boys 15-17 years), and to assess the acceptability and feasibility of the intervention for a future fully-powered efficacy trial. Findings will advance preventive intervention science for young people at elevated risk for HIV and IPV in a global priority setting for HIV and violence prevention.