Study of the Oral Microbiome to Address Racial Disparities in Esophageal Cancer

通过口腔微生物组研究解决食管癌的种族差异

• 批准号: 10249451
• 负责人: Julian Abrams
• 金额: $ 23.35万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-06-01 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10249451
• 关键词: Address; Affect; African American; Bacteria; Barrett Esophagus; Biological Markers; Characteristics; Chemoprevention; Chemopreventive Agent; Collaborations; Collection; Data; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Endoscopy; Enrollment; Esophageal Adenocarcinoma; Esophagus; Foundations; Future; Genetic; Goals; Health; Incidence; Inflammatory; Longitudinal Studies; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of esophagus; Methods; NIH Program Announcements; Neoplasms; Outcome; Parents; Patients; Performance; Pilot Projects; Population; Prognosis; Public Health; Race; Reproducibility; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Saliva; Salivary; Sampling; Sampling Studies; South African; Testing; Tissues; United States; cancer health disparity; cancer risk; cancer subtypes; cell type; cohort; cost effective; disparity reduction; esophageal squamous cell cancer; health care service utilization; high risk; insight; microbiome; microbiome composition; microbiome signature; minimally invasive; mortality; neoplastic; oral microbiome; oral pathogen; primary care setting; promoter; racial difference; racial disparity; response; saliva sample

PROJECT SUMMARY This application is being submitted in response to the announcement PA-18-842. While esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is the predominant cell type for esophageal cancer in the United States, esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) has a markedly higher incidence worldwide and greater global cancer health burden. In the U.S. African-Americans have a very low incidence of EAC but are disproportionately affected by ESCC, with a 2-3-fold increased risk of this malignancy. It is critical to understand the relationship between race and EAC and ESCC risk, so that population-tailored strategies can be developed to lower esophageal cancer mortality. Due to the low incidence of ESCC in the U.S., it is extremely challenging to address this racial disparity via studies in U.S. populations. We propose to study the oral microbiome as a biomarker for ESCC among black South Africans, where the incidence is high, and will use this information to gain insights into factors impacting ESCC risk among African-Americans. Our group has an established collaboration with a South African group that carried out the Johannesburg Cancer Study and has previously enrolled over 1,000 black South Africans with ESCC. We propose a pilot study of samples and data collected from this population, combined with those from the parent R01, in order to gain insights into ESCC racial disparities in the U.S. We will profile the salivary microbiome of 50 black South Africans with ESCC and 100 matched controls together with EAC and non-EAC patient saliva samples from the parent R01 to address the following specific aims: Aim 1: To gain insight into the oral microbiome as biomarker for ESCC risk among African-Americans; Subaim 1a: To determine whether racial differences impact an oral microbiome signature for EAC; Aim 2: To determine whether there are differences in the oral microbiome in ESCC and EAC. The results will help determine whether distinct oral microbiome signatures may be needed to identify African-Americans at risk for EAC, and will enhance our understanding of the oral microbiome as both a biomarker and potential neoplastic promoter for EAC and for ESCC. The oral microbiome could represent a simple non-invasive test to identify patients at high risk for ESCC and would be of great benefit to African-Americans and could help reduce disparities in incidence and outcomes of this highly lethal disease.

项目摘要 本申请是根据PA-18 - 842号公告提交的。当食道 腺癌（EAC）是美国食管癌的主要细胞类型， 鳞状细胞癌（ESCC）在全球范围内的发病率明显较高，全球癌症健康状况也更好 负担在美国，非洲裔美国人的EAC发病率非常低，但受以下因素的影响不成比例： ESCC，这种恶性肿瘤的风险增加2 - 3倍。关键是要了解 种族和EAC和ESCC风险，因此可以制定针对人群的策略， 癌症死亡率由于ESCC在美国的发病率较低，解决这一种族问题是极其具有挑战性的， 通过对美国人口的研究，我们建议研究口腔微生物组作为ESCC的生物标志物 在南非黑人中，发病率很高，并将利用这些信息来深入了解 影响非裔美国人ESCC风险的因素。我们的团队与 南非一个组织进行了约翰内斯堡癌症研究，此前已经招募了1000多人。 患有ESCC的南非黑人。我们建议对从这一人群中收集的样本和数据进行试点研究， 结合来自父母R01的数据，以深入了解美国ESCC的种族差异。 将分析50名患有ESCC的南非黑人和100名匹配对照的唾液微生物组， 使用来自母体R01的EAC和非EAC患者唾液样本，以解决以下具体目标： 1：深入了解口腔微生物组作为非裔美国人ESCC风险的生物标志物; Subaim 1a： 确定种族差异是否影响EAC的口腔微生物组特征;目的2：确定 ESCC和EAC的口腔微生物组是否存在差异。结果将有助于确定 是否需要不同的口腔微生物组特征来识别处于EAC风险中的非洲裔美国人，以及 将增强我们对口腔微生物组作为生物标志物和潜在肿瘤促进剂的理解 用于EAC和ESCC。口腔微生物组可以代表一种简单的非侵入性测试， ESCC的高风险，对非洲裔美国人有很大的好处，并有助于减少 这种高致命性疾病的发病率和结果。