A two-dimensional antiscatter grid for dental cone beam computed tomography

项目总结 锥形束计算机断层扫描(CBCT)是一种常用的牙科和牙科三维X射线成像方式 头面部成像。虽然CBCT主要用于在3D中评估骨骼解剖，但软组织通常 在牙科CBCT图像中显示不佳。此外，不能从CBCT准确地提取组织密度 图像。这个问题背后的主要罪魁祸首是散射辐射。病人发出的散乱的X光 被X射线传感器记录，严重降低了图像信号的保真度。 因此，在这个项目中，我们提出了一种新的二维反散射网格(2D网格)来显著改进 牙科CBCT图像质量。我们提出的2D网格将有效地衰减散射的x射线，同时传输 将主要的或有用的X射线发送到图像传感器。一旦成功实施，我们的2D网格将提供 显著改善软组织可视化，精确测量骨密度，并将减少图像 手工艺品。或者，我们的2D网格可以减少成像辐射剂量，同时提供可比的对比度- 相对于当前牙科CBCT图像的噪声比。 为了实现我们提出的2D网格技术，(1)我们将研究2D的最佳物理特性 栅格，以实现有效的散射抑制和高一次透过率。(2)我们会评估 体模成像实验中二维网格提供的CBCT图像质量的改善。

Project summary Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a commonly used 3D x-ray imaging modality in dental and craniofacial imaging. While CBCT is primarily employed in evaluating bony anatomy in 3D, soft tissues are often poorly visualized in dental CBCT images. Moreover, tissue densities cannot be extracted accurately from CBCT images. The main culprit behind this problem is scattered radiation. Scattered x-rays emanating from the patient are registered by the x-ray sensor, severely degrading the fidelity of image signals. Thus, in this project, we propose a novel two-dimensional antiscatter grid (2D grid) to substantially improve the dental CBCT image quality. Our proposed 2D grid will attenuate scattered x-rays effectively, while transmitting primary, or useful, x-rays to the image sensor. Once successfully implemented, our 2D grid will provide significantly improved soft tissue visualization, accurate bone density measurement, and will reduce image artifacts. Alternatively, our 2D grid can reduce imaging radiation dose while providing comparable contrast-to- noise ratio with respect to current dental CBCT images. To implement our proposed 2D grid technology, (1) we will investigate the optimal physical characteristics of 2D grids to achieve effective scatter suppression and high primary transmission. (2) We will evaluate the improvement in CBCT image quality provided by 2D grid in phantom imaging experiments.