Physical Resources Core

摘要_核心1 Fc受体是一种细胞表面蛋白，与抗体Fc结构域相互作用，介导效应细胞 有助于抗体的抗病毒功能的反应。抗体的多样性(同种类型， 亚类、异型)和FCR(类型、基因多态、异构体)影响抗病毒抗体效应器 通过调节抗原-抗体免疫复合体和FCR之间的相互作用发挥作用。然而， 这些关键变量对人类和恒河猴保护效果的相对综合贡献 猕猴(RM)主动和被动免疫研究尚不清楚。因此，迫切需要 描述不同抗体亚型、亚类、同种异型和FCR等位基因对物种特异性的影响 FCR依赖的抗体效应器的功能，以了解免疫预防试验是如何在 RM模型可以预测人类的结果。物质资源核心的总体目标是发展 并为该程序提供工具、试剂、样本和核酸序列数据集和分析 FCR和抗体Fc在人类和RM之间的遗传多样性转化为表型所需的， 效应器功能和研究结果。为了实现这一点，物理资源核心汇集了一个 创新的调查团队，在生成、验证和 分析下一代测序数据；以及在开发、生产、验证、分发和 应用尚未上市的新型免疫学试剂和材料。以Strong为指导 初步数据，并结合使用黄金标准和最先进的方法，物理 资源核心将实现支持研究项目1、2、3和整个计划的目标 通过集中精力完成三个具体目标： 目的1.量化HIV-1临床试验参与者的人类FCR多样性。 目的2.明确抗体Fc同种异型在人类和RM中的差异。 目的3.提供免疫学试剂和服务。 核心目标的实现将是重要和有影响的，因为它将导致确定 NAB和NNAB和效应细胞生物学的结合，以改进对原位功能的理解。这 将提供路线图，以提高测试的准确性和对未来活动的评估，以及 免疫预防，人体临床试验中的候选疫苗。物质资源核心将有所帮助 获取实现本计划总体目标所必需的知识：确定 抗体同种异型和FCR基因对体外和体内抗病毒效果的影响，从而告知抗体Fc如何 效应器功能可用于改进基于抗体的疫苗策略，增加相对抗病毒作用 HIV-1特异性抗体亚类的活性，加强广谱中和抗体为基础的预防 和治疗方法。

ABSTRACT_Core 1 Fc receptors (FcRs) are cell surface proteins that interact with antibody Fc domains to mediate effector cell responses that contribute to the antiviral functionality of antibodies. The diversity of antibodies (isotypes, subclasses, allotypes) and FcRs (types, gene polymorphisms, isoforms) influences antiviral antibody effector functions by modulating the interactions between antigen–antibody immune complexes and FcRs. However, the relative combined contributions of these key variables to protective outcomes in human and rhesus macaque (RM) active and passive immunization studies are unknown. Thus, there is a critical need to characterize how different antibody isotypes, subclasses, allotypes, and FcR alleles impact species-specific FcR-dependent antibody effector functions in order to understand how immunoprophylaxis trials conducted in the RM model can predict outcomes in humans. The overall goal of the Physical Resources Core is to develop and provide this Program with the tools, reagents, samples, and nucleic acid sequence datasets and analyses needed for translation of FcR and antibody Fc genetic diversity among humans and RM to phenotypes, effector functions, and study outcomes. To achieve this, the Physical Resources Core brings together an innovative team of investigators with extensive experience and expertise in the generation, validation, and analysis of next-generation sequencing data; and in the development, production, validation, distribution, and application of novel immunology reagents and materials that are not commercially available. Guided by strong preliminary data, and using a combination of gold-standard and state-of-the art approaches, the Physical Resources Core will achieve the objective of supporting Research Projects 1, 2, 3 and the Overall Program through focus on completion of three Specific Aims: Aim 1. Quantify human FcR diversity in HIV-1 clinical trial participants. Aim 2. Define antibody Fc allotype diversity in humans and RM. Aim 3. Provide immunology reagents and services. Fulfillment of the aims of the Core will be significant and impactful because it will lead to identification of the combinations of nAb and nnAb and effector cell biology for improved understanding of in situ functions. This will provide a roadmap to improve testing accuracy and evaluations of both future active, and immunoprophylaxis, vaccine candidates in human clinical trials. The Physical Resources Core will help generate knowledge essential to accomplishing the Overall Goal of this Program: to determine the impact of antibody allotype and FcR genotype on antiviral outcomes in vitro and in vivo, thus informing how antibody Fc effector functions can be used to improve antibody-based vaccine strategies, increase the relative antiviral activity of HIV-1 specific antibody subclasses, and augment broad-neutralizing antibody-based prophylactic and therapeutic approaches.