4D Transcranial Acoustoelectric Imaging for High Resolution Functional Mapping of Neuronal Currents

4D 经颅声电成像用于神经元电流的高分辨率功能映射

• 批准号: 10266774
• 负责人: Russell S Witte
• 金额: $ 67.38万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-30 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10266774
• 关键词: 4D Imaging; Acoustics; Adult; Behavior Disorders; Behavioral; Brain; Brain Mapping; Brain imaging; Brain region; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Diagnosis; Disease; Electricity; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology (science); Elements; Engineering; Epilepsy; Equipment; Evoked Potentials; Excision; Family suidae; Focused Ultrasound; Frequencies; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Head; Human; Image; Imaging Device; Intervention; Intractable Epilepsy; Maps; Measures; Mechanics; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Modality; Modeling; Monitor; Motion; Neurologic; Neuronavigation; Neurons; Neurosciences; Noise; Operative Surgical Procedures; Outcome; Parkinson Disease; Patients; Performance; Physiologic pulse; Physiological; Positioning Attribute; Positron-Emission Tomography; Psychologist; Resolution; Scanning; Seizures; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Somatosensory Evoked Potentials; Speed; Structure; Surface; System; Technology; Thalamic structure; Time; Ultrasonic Transducer; Ultrasonography; Validation; Vision; brain volume; cranium; data acquisition; density; healthy volunteer; high resolution imaging; human subject; imager; imaging platform; improved; in vivo; mobile computing; multidisciplinary; nervous system disorder; next generation; novel; porcine model; prototype; radio frequency; relating to nervous system; sensor; temporal measurement

ABSTRACT The overarching goal of this project is to optimize, validate and implement a revolutionary and safe modality for noninvasive functional imaging of neural currents deep in the human brain through the skull at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution. Transcranial Acoustoelectric Brain Imaging (tABI) is a disruptive technology that exploits pulses of ultrasound (US) to transiently interact with physiologic current, producing a radiofrequency (RF) signature detected by one or more sensors (e.g., surface electrodes). By rapidly sweeping the US beam and simultaneously detecting these RF modulations, 4D high resolution current density maps are generated. This approach overcomes limitations with electroencephalography (EEG), which suffers from poor spatial resolution and inaccuracies due to blurring of electrical signals as they pass through the brain and skull, and, unlike fMRI and PET that measure slow “intrinsic” signals, tABI directly maps fast time-varying current within a defined brain volume at the mm and ms scales. As a disruptive and scalable modality for noninvasive human brain imaging, tABI offers the following benefits: 1) High spatial resolution determined by the US focus (e.g., 0.3 – 3 mm); 2) Real-time, volumetric imaging of local field potentials and evoked activity; 3) 4D imaging of neural currents from deep brain structures without assuming the conductivity distribution; and 4) Co-registration of neural currents (tABI) with brain structure, motion (pulse echo US) and cerebral blood flow (Doppler). Our multidisciplinary team of engineers, physicists, neuroscientists, psychologists, and imagers will overcome the primary challenge of detecting weak interaction signals through skull at safe US intensities. To demonstrate tABI as a safe and reliable modality for electrical brain imaging at the mm and ms scales in healthy volunteers, we propose to 1) Optimize, calibrate, and validate tABI using established human head and in vivo swine models; 2) Develop and validate the first tABI platform for functional brain imaging in human subjects; 2a) Assess extraoperative tABI for mapping patients with intractable epilepsy referred for surgery; and 2b) Assess tABI for mapping somatotopic organization in healthy volunteers. If successful, this project will deliver a safe, revolutionary and mobile technology for noninvasive human brain imaging with the goal of transforming our understanding of brain function and help diagnose, stage, monitor and treat a wide variety of neurologic (e.g., epilepsy, Parkinson’s), psychiatric (e.g., depression) and behavioral (e.g., OCD) disorders.

摘要