Morphological Determinants of Intracellular Membrane Compartments
Morphological Determinants of Intracellular Membrane Compartments
批准号:
10269587
负责人:
Andreas Max Ernst
金额:
$36.83万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2021
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
未结题
起止时间:
2021-08-01 至 2026-07-31
关键词:
AddressAnimal ModelBiochemicalBiological AssayCaenorhabditis elegansCell SurvivalCell physiologyCellsChemicalsComplementComplexCuesCytoplasmElectron MicroscopyEnvironmentEukaryotic CellExhibitsFoundationsGeneticGeometryGoalsGolgi ApparatusHumanHuman Cell LineIndividualIntracellular MembranesLinkLiquid substanceMembraneMorphologyNerve DegenerationOrganellesPathway interactionsPhasePropertyProteinsResearchResolutionRestRodSeriesShapesSiteSorting - Cell MovementStructureSynapsesSystemTestingTissuesVariantcarcinogenesiscell growthdisease phenotypeexperiencegolginmembrane modelnovelreconstitutiontwo-dimensional
中文摘要
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英文摘要
Project Summary/Abstract
Eukaryotic cells organize their interior into a set of membrane-enclosed compartments, referred to as organelles
or the endomembrane system, that enable cell growth and viability. Each organelle exhibits a unique biochemical
composition, complex dynamics, and a distinct morphology. How organelles are shaped, how their shape is
linked to their functions, and how individual organelles engage in specific contacts are important open questions
that are the focus of the proposed research.
Understanding of the spatial organization of human cells is currently experiencing a revolution, with the
realization that components of the cytoplasm can undergo a “liquid-liquid” phase separation from the rest of the
cytoplasm, forming dynamic and functionally specialized domains that lack any membrane. Our recent research
raises the novel possibility that membrane-containing organelles are structured by a two-dimensional variation
of this principle, in which ‘rod-like’ proteins (‘golgins’ and golgin-like proteins) self-assemble into lamellar liquid
geometries. We aim to test and develop this new organizing principle in context of the organization of the early
secretory pathway, where two organelles, the ER and the Golgi stack, form a ‘synapse-like’ interface that is
conserved across taxa. It is poorly understood how the spatial organization of the ER-Golgi interface is achieved,
and why this specific organization is required. It is also a mystery how this junction can exhibit structural integrity
while resisting a high throughput of material, yet exhibit dynamic properties under specific regulatory cues.
Our goal is to understand the mechanisms that establish the specific morphology of the ER-Golgi interface in
order to enable efficient processing and sorting of cargo within this space. Our motivating hypothesis is that this
interface represents a dynamic membrane contact site organized by local phase separation proteins. We will
employ a ‘bottom-up’ approach in which we purify individual components to homogeneity and probe them in a
model membrane environment, seeking out the minimal components and mechanisms needed to reconstitute
morphology and function. We will complement this approach with super-resolution and electron microscopy,
genetic perturbations and functional assays in both human cell lines and in the model organism C. elegans.
Through this dual strategy, we expect to elucidate the principles by which the ER-Golgi interface is formed,
maintained, and how its spatial organization impacts cellullar functions.
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Morphological Determinants of Intracellular Membrane Compartments
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批准号:10456133
-
项目类别:
-
资助金额:$36.83万
-
财政年份:2021
-
负责人:Andreas Max Ernst
-
依托单位:
Morphological Determinants of Intracellular Membrane Compartments
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批准号:10671475
-
项目类别:
-
资助金额:$36.83万
-
财政年份:2021
-
负责人:Andreas Max Ernst
-
依托单位:
海外基金