Project 2: Effect of HTLV-1 Viral Oncogenes on the Bone Microenvironment during tumor growth and progression in ATL

项目2：HTLV-1病毒癌基因对ATL肿瘤生长和进展过程中骨微环境的影响

• 批准号: 10251302
• 负责人: Katherine Nelson Weilbaecher
• 金额: $ 36.27万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-04-21 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10251302
• 关键词: Active Sites; Address; Adult; Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma; Affect; Animals; Biological Availability; Biological Models; Blood Cells; Bone Diseases; Bone neoplasms; CRISPR/Cas technology; Cancer Model; Cell Communication; Cell Line; Cell surface; Cells; Cleaved cell; Collaborations; Data; Development; Environment; Experimental Designs; Extracellular Matrix; Funding; Growth Factor; HTLV-1 Infection; Heparitin Sulfate; Human; Human T-lymphotropic virus 1; Hypercalcemia; Immune response; Immune system; Immunodeficient Mouse; Implant; In Vitro; Individual; Infection; Injections; Lead; Lesion; Light; Lymphoma cell; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Lytic Metastatic Lesion; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of prostate; Marrow; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Modeling; Multiple Myeloma; Mus; Oncogenes; Osteoblasts; Osteoclasts; Osteolytic; Pathogenesis; Pathologic; Patients; Pharmacology; Phenotype; Play; Process; Productivity; Protein Isoforms; Proteins; Reporting; Resistance; Retroviridae; Role; T cell response; T-Lymphocyte; TNFSF11 gene; Taxes; Techniques; Therapeutic; Transgenic Mice; Transgenic Organisms; Transplantation; Tumor-Derived; Umbilical Cord Blood; Viral; Viral Oncogene; Viral Vector; WNT Signaling Pathway; Work; analysis pipeline; bone; bone cell; bone invasion; bone loss; chemotherapy; cytokine; experience; experimental study; heparanase; humanized mouse; implantation; in vivo; in vivo Model; intraperitoneal; leukemia; malignant breast neoplasm; mouse model; mutant; paracrine; patient derived xenograft model; pleiotropism; programs; success; three dimensional cell culture; tumor; tumor growth; tumor microenvironment; tumor progression; tumorigenesis; tumorigenic; vector

PROJECT SUMMARY – PROJECT 2 Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) develops in a subset of people infected with HTLV-1 and is an aggressive T-cell malignancy. ATL’s unique relationship to bone (long latency in the marrow, bone invasion, osteolytic lesions, and hypercalcemia) makes it an ideal model to dissect the critical factors that support tumor development and progression in bone. Thus, our work on ATL will likely shed light on other late recurring and bone-tropic tumors like multiple myeloma, breast, and prostate cancer. Using transgenic mice, we showed that the HTLV-1 tax viral oncogene can mediate both ATL development as well as osteolytic bone destruction through effects on bone-resorbing osteoclasts (OCs). However, Tax expression is downregulated in ~70% of human ATL, despite ongoing bone involvement and bone loss, suggesting that another viral factor is important. Recently, we found that HBZ, a second HTLV-1 oncogene, can also lead to lymphoproliferative disease and pathologic bone loss when expressed transgenically or in a humanized mouse model of HTLV-1 infection. RANKL plays an important role in this process, but is not a direct target of HBZ. We and others find that HBZ upregulates the expression of Wnt5a and heparanase (HPSE), tumor-derived paracrine factors that modulate the tumor microenvironment in bone and are upregulated in patient ATL cells. Wnt5a activates noncanonical Wnt signaling via Ror2 and has both osteoblast-inhibiting and OC-stimulating activities, including increasing RANKL expression. HPSE enzymatically cleaves heparan sulfate, thereby altering cell surfaces and extracellular matrix, increasing bioavailability of growth factors and cytokines including RANKL and likely Wnt5a. We hypothesize that hbz expression in transformed ATL cells reprograms the bone microenvironment via increasing Wnt5a and Heparanase expression, and thereby affects tumor progression and bone loss. Our plan for evaluating this hypothesis relies integrally on the in vivo models that were developed during the previous funding period, including new patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models that cause systemic bone loss in mice following intraperitoneal (IP) implantation and newly characterized local bone effects of established ATL cell lines following implantation into bone (with intratibial injection; IT). We will make extensive use of viral vectors to manipulate Wnt5a and HPSE in these ATL and PDX lines, primarily with CRISPR/Cas9, taking advantage of the expertise of Dr. Yoder (Vector Core 1). In collaboration with Dr. Niewiesk (Animal Core 2), we have also implemented a humanized immune system (HIS) model in which immunodeficient mice are transplanted with human cord blood cells, and then infected with HTLV-1, modeling emergence of lymphoproliferative disease (LPD) accompanied by systemic bone loss. This collaboration will be a key part of our experimental design.

项目摘要 - 项目2 成人T细胞白血病/淋巴瘤（ATL）在感染HTLV-1的一部分中发展，是一种侵略性 T细胞恶性肿瘤。 ATL与骨骼的独特关系（骨髓，骨骼入侵，溶性长期潜伏期 病变和高钙血症）使其成为剖析支持肿瘤发展的关键因素的理想模型 和骨骼的进展。那就，我们在ATL上的工作可能会揭示其他晚期反复和骨态度 多发性骨髓瘤，乳腺癌和前列腺癌等肿瘤。使用转基因小鼠，我们显示了HTLV-1 税收病毒性癌基因可以通过影响 骨变形破骨细胞（OCS）。但是，在约70％的人ATL，dospite中，税收表达被下调 持续的骨骼受累和骨质流失，这表明另一个病毒因子很重要。最近，我们发现 HBZ是第二个HTLV-1癌基因，也可以导致淋巴增生性疾病和病理骨质流失 当被翻译或在HTLV-1感染的人源化小鼠模型中表达时。兰克扮演重要 在此过程中的作用，但不是HBZ的直接目标。我们和其他人发现HBZ上调了 WNT5A和肝素酶（HPSE），肿瘤衍生的旁分泌因子，可调节肿瘤微环境 骨骼并在患者ATL细胞中进行更新。 Wnt5a通过ROR2激活非规范的Wnt信号，并具有 成骨细胞抑制和OC刺激活性，包括增加RANKL表达。 HPSE 酶促切割乙par硫酸盐，从而改变细胞表面和细胞外基质，增加 生长因子和细胞因子的生物利用度，包括RANKL和可能的WNT5A。我们假设HBZ 在转化的ATL细胞中的表达通过增加Wnt5a和 肝素酶表达，从而影响肿瘤的进展和骨质流失。 我们评估这一假设的计划基础取决于在 以前的资金期，包括引起全身骨质损失的新的患者衍生Xenographic（PDX）模型 在腹膜内（IP）植入和新表征已建立ATL的局部骨骼效应的小鼠中 植入骨骼后的细胞系（内部注射； IT）。我们将大量使用病毒载体 在这些ATL和PDX线中操纵Wnt5a和HPSE，主要使用CRISPR/CAS9来利用 Yoder博士的专业知识（向量核心1）。与Niewiesk博士（动物核心2）合作，我们也有 实施了人性化免疫系统（HIS）模型，其中免疫缺陷小鼠被移植 人脐带血细胞，然后被HTLV-1感染，对淋巴结增生疾病的紧急建模 （LPD）伴有全身骨质流失。这项合作将是我们实验设计的关键部分。