Dr. William Coleman Award

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A Coleman award application review committee selected 8 applicants for FY20 funding, described next. These studies demonstrate NIMHD DIR's ability to leverage NIH resources for health disparities research. Julia Chen-Sankey, PhD, MPP, Postdoctoral Fellow, NIHMD. Title: Built and socio-cultural environmental risk factors for cigar smoking among African American Young Adults. Dr. Chen-Sankey's prior work using the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study survey showed that between 20152016, cigar smoking among African American young adults (AAYDs)(ages 18-24) was almost double that of white young adults. This formative research with 40 AAYDs will inform cigar prevention and reduction efforts among AAYDs by gaining an in-depth understanding of (1) built and socio-cultural environmental risk factors for cigar smoking among AAYDs, and(2)how those environmental risk factors influence cigar smoking differently between AAYDs from low and high education backgrounds. Brittny C. Davis Lynn, PhD, MPH, Research Fellow/NCI. Project Title: The breast milk microbiome and its relationship with breast cancer risk factors among black and white women. Molecular breast tumor subtype is known to vary by age, race and ethnicity, the reasons for which are not well understood. Dr. Davis Lynns previous work identified differences in breast milk DNA methylation and breast milk cytokine levels by race among black and white women. Using NCIs Center for Genomic Research, the proposed study will evaluate associations between breast cancer risk factors and the breast milk microbiome (N=400), integrating risk factor and breast milk microbiome data with other breast milk biomarkers (e.g. DNA methylation and cytokine levels), and whether these differ between black and white women. Nicole M. Farmer, M.D. Postdoctoral Fellow National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center. Project Title: Exploring the role of microbiome-related dietary metabolites in cardiovascular disease health disparities. The African American (AA) population is at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diet has a known causal relationship with CVD, however, the exact cellular mechanisms for diet-related CVD remain relatively unknown. This study will: 1) examine TMAO levels and their possible correlation with obesity, CVD risk, or measures of stress within a cohort of AA men and women living in Washington, D.C.; and 2) conduct dietary phenotyping of food sources with TMAO to examine its role in determining CVD risk; and examine the association of TMAO on human aortic endothelial cells (HAoEC) function. Sarah S. Jackson, Ph.D., M.P.H., Postdoctoral Fellow, National Cancer Institute. Project Title: Pilot study to identify transgender individuals within electronic health records. Transgender refers to individuals whose gender identity is different from their assigned sex at birth (e.g., assigned male at birth and identifies as a woman), whereas cisgender is a term for those whose gender identity is aligned with their sex assigned at birth (e.g., assigned male at birth and identifies as a man). The aim of this study is to build and test the preliminary validity of an algorithm using socio-demographics, diagnosis, procedure, and medication codes from electronic health records that can identify transgender identity in large medical records datasets. The validity of the algorithm will compare the performance of the algorithm versus self-identified gender identity as the gold standard for identifying transgender status. This study leverages data from 116,460 participants in the NIH All of Us study. Anup Kumar Nair, Ph.D., Staff Scientist, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Project Title: Modelling the function of type 2 diabetes loci in Pima Indians using iPSCs-derived pancreatic-islet like cells. More recently we have been obtaining induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived from Pima Indian blood cells of for studying the functional effects of the T2D-associated genes as potential targets for drug discovery. The proposed study will: 1) Identify the effector gene at the KCNQ1 locus which gives rise to the GWAS signal; and 2) determine the efficiency of each isogenic iPSC lines to generate pancreatic beta-like cells. Marion Ouidir, Ph.D., Postdoctoral Fellow, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Project Title: Genetic and environmental determinants of early pregnancy maternal dyslipidemia in an ethnic diverse cohort. Abnormal levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) and triglycerides in blood is defined as dyslipidemia, and they are risk factors for cardiovascular disease and premature death. Because single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with dyslipidemia were discovered by GWAS predominantly involving male European ancestry populations, information is lacking on pregnant women, where dyslipidemia has been linked with higher or lower birth weight offspring, and on ethnic minorities in the U.S. Thus, the aims of this study are to: 1) identify ancestry-specific and -shared genetic loci for dyslipidemia in early pregnancy; and 2) identify environmental modifiers (such as nativity, perceived stress and obesity status) of the genetic variants that predispose women to dyslipidemia. Emily L. Rossi, Ph.D., M.P.H., Rony Arauz Melendez, Ph.D., M.P.H., and Sheryse Taylor, Ph.D., Postdoctoral Fellows, National Cancer Institute. Project Title: Contribution of genetic ancestry to differences in the immune landscape of lung cancer in European Americans and African Americans. This study will compare African American and European American non-involved adjacent (normal) tissue and tumor tissue to identify: 1) Immune cell subsets enriched in the tumor; 2) differences in tumor immune cell enrichment and tumor-infiltrating immune cell composition by genetic ancestry; and 3) tumor-associated neoantigens and their relationsthe study will compare African American and European American non-involved adjacent (normal) tissue and tumor tissue to identify: 1) Immune cell subsets enriched in the tumor; 2) differences in tumor immune cell enrichment and tumor-infiltrating immune cell composition by genetic ancestry; and 3) tumor-associated neoantigens and their relationship with specific tumor-infiltrating immune cell subsets and genetic ancestry. Joe Shearer, PhD, MPH, Postdoctoral Fellow, NCI. Project Title: Evaluating the impact of concentrated animal feeding operations on Campylobacter jejuni infections in rural agricultural communities. Concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) contribute to the production of over 50% of livestock and poultry in the U.S. Manure is a major source of CAFO-related environmental contamination, including Campylobacter. This study, focusing on high-risk rural, agricultural community populations, will evaluate whether rural residents with greater animal densities near their home or direct animal contact will have higher levels of C. jejuni IgG antibody levels than those living farther way or not having direct contact with animals.