Dr. William Coleman Award

一个科尔曼奖申请审查委员会召开了成员从NIMHD校外，学校，和其他IC。 五名申请人被选中获得FY 19资金。以下是获奖者及其研究项目的说明。 伊冯娜·鲍默，雷尔医生。nat（博士），国家心脏研究所科学家。肺和血液研究所。 项目名称：阐明来自社会环境的慢性压力对内皮细胞功能和血管生物学的影响：一项针对心血管健康差异的转化研究。 研究人员的目标是确定血管炎症是否是亚临床动脉粥样硬化的标志物，这种标志物在华盛顿，华盛顿特区的高SES和低SES社区的居民中存在差异;来自低SES社区的个体是否改变了EC脂质代谢和EC胆固醇晶体形成;以及患有应激相关CVD的患者是否具有控制溶酶体功能和自噬的受损信号通路。研究人员还希望确定对应激诱导的动脉粥样硬化重要的新信号通路，并扩大对CVD如何发展和进展的理解。 Jung Shin Byun博士，国立少数民族健康和健康差异研究所科学家。 项目名称：单细胞RNA-Seq描述非洲裔美国人和欧洲裔美国人三阴性乳腺癌患者之间免疫细胞谱的差异。 研究人员在非洲裔美国人和欧洲裔美国人中使用RNA测序，旨在通过在单细胞水平上研究循环外周血细胞和三阴性乳腺癌浸润来确定不同细胞系中普遍存在的差异基因表达。 Mehdi Farokhnia，医学博士和Monica Faulkner，博士，博士后研究员，国家酒精滥用和酒精中毒研究所和国家药物滥用研究所。 项目名称：整合影像学、遗传学和生物行为学数据以研究酒精使用障碍黑人和白色人之间种族差异的神经生物学基础。本项目将研究不同的神经回路和生物行为特征是否是黑人和白色个体之间AUD发展和进展差异的基础，以及遗传祖先是否有助于AUD种族差异的神经生物学特征。 西米埃尔·A加斯顿，博士，公共卫生硕士，博士后研究员，国家环境健康科学研究所。项目名称：环境因素对睡眠健康和心脏代谢功能障碍差异的识别和表征。 种族/少数民族和低SES群体的成员比白人更有可能生活在次优的睡眠环境中。 睡眠不好会对心脏代谢健康产生负面影响。 研究人员将评估多种环境暴露及其与睡眠和心脏代谢健康的关系，以了解它们是否解释了美国睡眠不良和心脏代谢健康的种族/民族和SES差异。 Deyana刘易斯，博士，公共卫生硕士，博士后访问研究员，国家老龄问题研究所。 国家人类基因组研究所博士后研究员。项目名称：高风险非洲裔美国人前列腺癌家族的全外显子组测序。 非裔美国人（AA）男性患前列腺癌（PCa）的几率更高，死于前列腺癌的可能性是欧洲血统（EA）男性的两倍多。遗传性前列腺癌（HPC）家族的全外显子组测序（WES）可以帮助识别更经常影响AA的罕见易感性变体。研究人员将对外显子组进行测序，以确定导致AA男性和EA中PCa攻击性的遗传变异。

A Coleman award application review committee was convened with members from NIMHD Extramural, DIR, and other ICs. Five applicants were selected for FY19 funding. A description of the recipients and their research projects follows. Yvonne Baumer, Dr. rer. nat (PhD), Staff Scientist, National Heart. Lung, and Blood Institute. Project Title:Elucidating the Impact of Chronic Stress From Social Environment on Endothelial Cell Function and Vascular Biology: A Translational Study to Address Cardiovascular Health Disparities. Researchers aim to determine whether vascular inflammation is a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis that varies among residents of high- and low-SES neighborhoods in Washington, D.C.; whether individuals from low-SES neighborhoods have altered EC lipid metabolism and EC cholesterol crystal formation; and whether patients with stress-related CVD have impaired signaling pathways controlling lysosomal function and autophagy. Researchers also hope to identify novel signaling pathways important to stress-induced atherogenesis and to broaden understanding of how CVD develops and progresses. Jung Shin Byun, PhD, Staff Scientist, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. Project Title: Single-Cell RNA-Seq to Describe Differences in Immune Cell Profiles Between African American and European American Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Using RNA sequencing in African American and European Americans, the researchers aim to identify prevalent differential gene expression in different cell lineages by studying circulating peripheral blood cells and Triplle Negative Breast Cancer infiltrates at the single-cell level. Mehdi Farokhnia, MD and Monica Faulkner, PhD, Post-doctoral Fellows, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse. Project Title: Integration of Imaging, Genetics, and Biobehavioral Data to Investigate the Neurobiological Substrates of Racial Disparity Between Black and White Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder. This project will investigate whether distinct neural circuits and biobehavioral characteristics underlie differences in AUDs development and progression between Black and White individuals, and whether genetic ancestry contributes to neurobiological characterization of racial disparity in relation to AUD. Symielle A. Gaston, PhD, MPH, Postdoctoral Fellow, National Institute on Environmental Health Sciences. Project Title: Identification and Characterization of Environmental Factors Contributing to Disparities in Sleep Health and Cardiometabolic Dysfunction. Members of racial/ethnic minority and low SES groups are more likely than Whites to live in suboptimal sleep environments. Poor sleep can negatively affect cardiometabolic health. Investigators will assess multiple environmental exposures and their relationships with sleep and cardiometabolic health to see if they explain racial/ethnic and SES disparities in poor sleep and cardiometabolic health in the U.S. Deyana Lewis, PhD, MPH, Postdoctoral Visiting Fellow, National Institute on Aging. IRTA Post-doctoral Fellow, National Human Genome Research Institute. Project Title: Whole Exome Sequencing of High Risk African American Prostate Cancer Families. African American (AA) men have the higher rates of prostate cancer (PCa) and are more than twice as likely as men with European ancestry (EA) to die of the disease. Whole exome sequencing (WES) of hereditary prostate cancer (HPC) families can help identify rare susceptibility variants that more often affect AAs. The researchers will sequence exomes to identify genetic variations that contribute to the aggressiveness of PCa in AA men and EAs.