A Longitudinal Examination of Reward, Eating Expectancies, and Inhibitory Control in the Progression of Loss of Control Eating

对奖励、饮食期望和饮食失控进展中的抑制控制的纵向检查

• 批准号: 10574525
• 负责人: Lauren Marie Schaefer
• 金额: $ 14.42万
• 依托单位: SANFORD RESEARCH NORTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10574525
• 关键词: Affect; Behavioral; Belief; Binge Eating; Bulimia; Characteristics; Consumption; Development; Diagnostic; Disease; Disease remission; Eating; Eating Behavior; Ecological momentary assessment; Emotions; Environment; Etiology; Exhibits; Expectancy; Feeling; Food; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Lead; Learning; Maintenance; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Medical; Modeling; Obesity; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Prevention; Process; Psychological reinforcement; Questionnaires; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Severities; Shapes; Symptoms; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; Weight Gain; Work; biobehavior; cognitive task; comorbidity; expectation; experience; follow-up; food consumption; high reward; improved; longitudinal design; loss of control over eating; multimodality; negative affect; preference; prospective; psychosocial; reduced food intake; reward processing; theories

A longitudinal examination of reward, eating expectancies, and inhibitory control in the progression of loss of control eating PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Binge eating (BE) is a transdiagnostic symptom of bulimic spectrum disorders, and is associated with weight gain, obesity, psychosocial impairment, and increased risk for medical comorbidity. Current interventions for BE are limited in their efficacy, suggesting the need for improved prevention and treatment approaches which directly target mechanisms of BE onset and maintenance. Theory suggests that positive eating expectancies (i.e., beliefs about the reinforcing consequences of food consumption) may be a key mechanism relating a history of reinforcement from eating and risk for BE symptoms. While evidence indicates that eating expectancies are a robust predictor of BE, limited work has examined the hypothesis that reinforcement history shapes eating expectancies. Further, evidence suggests that abnormalities in reward processing and inhibitory control may compound risk for BE, however, no study to date has examined the prospective relationships between these constructs within a comprehensive theoretical model using multi-modal assessment. Therefore, the current application seeks to examine an etiological model of BE symptom progression, which incorporates observed abnormalities in reward processing and inhibitory control within an expectancy-based framework among individuals demonstrating symptoms of BE (i.e., loss of control eating, LOC) using a longitudinal design. More specifically, the project will test a moderated mediation model hypothesizing that greater reinforcement from LOC eating episodes at baseline (i.e., reductions in negative affect and increases in positive affect as assessed by ecological momentary assessment) will lead to increases in eating expectancies at 3-month follow-up (i.e., expectancies that eating reduces negative emotions and increases feelings of pleasantness/reward), which will subsequently lead to increased frequency of LOC eating and progression to BE at 6-month follow-up. It is further hypothesized that higher reward responsiveness (e.g., reward sensitivity, preference for immediate rewards) will amplify the relationship between eating reinforcement history and eating expectancies, while decreased inhibitory control is hypothesized to amplify the relationship between eating expectancies and BE symptoms. Given this project’s focus on identifying mechanisms of BE symptom progression, findings from the current project would help to identify malleable maintenance factors for LOC eating and risk factors for BE, which could be targeted in treatment and prevention efforts.

一项关于奖励、进食期望和抑制控制在抑郁症进展中的纵向研究， 饮食失控 项目总结/摘要 暴饮暴食（BE）是暴食症谱系障碍的一种转诊断症状，与体重相关 增重、肥胖、心理社会损害和增加的医学合并症风险。目前的干预措施 BE的疗效有限，这表明需要改进预防和治疗方法， 直接靶向BE发作和维持的机制。理论表明，积极的饮食预期 (i.e.,关于食物消费的强化后果的信念）可能是一个关键机制， 饮食强化史和BE症状风险。虽然有证据表明， 期望是BE的一个强有力的预测因子，有限的工作已经检验了强化历史的假设， 形状吃期望。此外，有证据表明，奖励处理和抑制的异常， 控制可能会增加BE的风险，但是，迄今为止还没有研究检查了这些前瞻性关系。 在一个综合的理论模型中，使用多模式评估这些结构之间的关系。因此，我们建议， 本申请寻求检查BE症状进展的病因学模型，其包括 在基于预期的框架内观察到奖励处理和抑制控制的异常 在表现出BE症状的个体中（即，失去控制进食， 设计更具体地说，该项目将测试一个适度的调解模型，假设越大， 从基线的暴食发作得到强化（即，负面影响减少， 积极的影响，如生态瞬时评估）将导致增加饮食预期 在3个月随访时（即，期望吃能减少负面情绪，增加 愉快/奖励），这将导致增加的频率，暴食和进展， 6个月随访时BE。进一步假设，较高的奖励响应性（例如，奖励敏感性， 偏好立即奖励）将放大饮食强化历史和饮食之间的关系。 预期，而减少抑制控制被假设为放大进食之间的关系， 预期和BE症状。鉴于该项目的重点是确定BE症状的机制 进展，目前项目的发现将有助于确定可延展的维护因素， 饮食和BE的风险因素，这可能是治疗和预防工作的目标。