A Contemporary Look at Driver Training and Its Role In Reducing Crash Risk in Novice Adolescent Drivers.

对驾驶员培训及其在降低青少年新手驾驶员碰撞风险中的作用的当代看法。

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    10582905
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 79.09万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2023-09-07 至 2027-08-31
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

Despite Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL), motor vehicle crashes remain a leading cause of death and injury for US adolescents. GDL typically applies to those <18 and restricts initial driving experience to lower risk conditions; however, these drivers <18 years enter licensure underprepared and have the highest crash rates. New evidence from our R21 showed an association between decreased crash rates and man- dated driver education and training in the context of GDL in Ohio, but few states require such training. In Ohio, which requires GDL and professional behind-the-wheel (BTW) training for licensure before 18 (those >18, exempt from GDL and training), those licensed <18 years demonstrate lower crash rates, higher licensing exam pass rates, and safer performance on a validated virtual driving assessment (VDA) than those licensed at 18. By contrast, Pennsylvania and most other states have no professional training requirements for young drivers, which can largely be attributed to the negative results of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of pre- licensure training in DeKalb in 1983. Our Ohio results and major safety advances since DeKalb (GDL, stronger national driver training standards, and online training to address novice driver errors) moti- vated our proposed RCT of training (the 1st RCT in 3 decades). We propose a Phase III 3-arm RCT involv- ing 1000 adolescent novice drivers balanced by ages 16-18 years. With usual care in PA (GDL) as control, we will test 2 training interventions: Arm 2, ACCEL, an online training in hazard anticipation/response and atten- tion maintenance and Arm 3, 8 hours of state-of-the-art BTW training. We will examine 3 outcomes: (1) Smartphone-monitored driving from start of intervention period through 6 months post-licensure, (2) PA license exam result; and (3) VDA performance at licensure. Participants will be recruited from 5 Philadelphia-area practice sites (2 urban, 2 suburban, 1 rural) as part of routine adolescent care. All participants will undergo baseline assessment of driving performance (VDA) and a neurocognitive and personality battery. Aim 1: De- termine the effect of ACCEL or BTW training versus usual care on driving crash risk (e.g., rates of hard brak- ing) during the first 6 months post-licensure. Hypotheses: (1) Both ACCEL and BTW will reduce early licensure crash risk. (2) ACCEL will produce greater reduction in crash risk than BTW training because ACCEL targets skills that reduce crash risk. Aim 2: Determine the effect of ACCEL or BTW training versus usual care on skill acquisition. Hypotheses: (1) Both ACCEL and BTW will improve skill acquisition. (2) ACCEL will produce fewer errors on the VDA measure of skills than BTW; however, BTW may produce better license exam performance (e.g., parallel parking). Aim 3: Identify age-related risk factors for crashes that are resistant to training. Hypoth- eses: ACCEL and BTW will mitigate cognitive skills but will be less successful for impulse/personality differ- ences related to risky driving practices. The expected R01 results will directly inform policy and provide guid- ance for future clinical practice.
尽管有毕业驾照(GDL),机动车碰撞仍然是死亡的主要原因, 伤害美国青少年。GDL通常适用于<18岁的人,并将初始驾驶经验限制在较低水平 风险条件;然而,这些司机<18岁进入执照准备不足,并有最高的碰撞 rates.来自R21的新证据显示,车祸率下降与人类- 在俄亥俄州的GDL背景下,过时的驾驶员教育和培训,但很少有州要求这样的培训。 在俄亥俄州,这需要GDL和专业的背后车轮(BTW)培训执照之前,18(那些 >18岁,免除GDL和培训),那些有执照的<18岁的人表现出较低的撞车率,较高的执照 考试通过率,以及在经过验证的虚拟驾驶评估(VDA)上比许可证更安全的性能 18岁相比之下,宾夕法尼亚州和其他大多数州对年轻人没有专业培训要求。 驱动因素,这在很大程度上可以归因于一项随机对照试验(RCT)的负面结果, 1983年在DeKalb接受执照培训。我们的俄亥俄州的结果和主要的安全进展,因为DeKalb(GDL, 更强的国家驾驶员培训标准,以及解决新手驾驶员错误的在线培训) 评估了我们提出的培训RCT(30年来的第一个RCT)。我们提出了一项III期3组RCT,涉及- 1000名青少年新手司机,年龄在16-18岁之间。在PA(GDL)中以常规护理作为对照,我们 将测试2种培训干预措施:第2组,ACCEL,危险预测/响应的在线培训, 操作维护和3号臂,8小时最先进的BTW培训。我们将研究3个结果:(1) 从干预期开始到获得许可后6个月,智能手机监控驾驶,(2)PA许可证 考试成绩;(3)VDA在执照上的表现。参与者将从费城5个地区招募 作为青少年常规护理的一部分,在实践点(2个城市、2个郊区、1个农村)开展活动。所有参与者将接受 驾驶性能基线评估(VDA)和神经认知和人格电池。目标1: 确定ACCEL或BTW培训与常规护理对驾驶碰撞风险的影响(例如,硬制动率- (1)在获得许可后的前6个月内。假设:(1)ACCEL和BTW都将减少早期许可 撞车风险。(2)ACCEL将产生更大的减少碰撞风险比BTW培训,因为ACCEL的目标 降低撞车风险的技能。目的2:确定ACCEL或BTW训练与常规护理对技能的影响 采集假设:(1)ACCEL和BTW都能促进技能的获得。(2)ACCEL将生产更少的 在VDA的技能衡量标准上的错误比BTW少;然而,BTW可能会产生更好的执照考试成绩 (e.g.,平行停车)。目标3:确定与年龄有关的、对训练有抵抗力的撞车危险因素。假设- eses:ACCEL和BTW将减轻认知技能,但由于冲动/个性不同,成功率较低- 与危险驾驶行为有关。预期的R 01结果将直接为政策提供信息,并提供指导, 为将来的临床实践提供了机会。

项目成果

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DANIEL ROMER其他文献

DANIEL ROMER的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('DANIEL ROMER', 18)}}的其他基金

Early onset vs. pre-existing vulnerabilities in adolescent drug use
青少年吸毒的早期发病与预先存在的脆弱性
  • 批准号:
    8663860
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 79.09万
  • 项目类别:
Early onset vs. pre-existing vulnerabilities in adolescent drug use
青少年吸毒的早期发病与预先存在的脆弱性
  • 批准号:
    8342916
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 79.09万
  • 项目类别:
Early onset vs. pre-existing vulnerabilities in adolescent drug use
青少年吸毒的早期发病与预先存在的脆弱性
  • 批准号:
    8507705
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 79.09万
  • 项目类别:
A Multilevel HIV-Prevention Strategy for High-Risk Youth
针对高危青少年的多层次艾滋病毒预防策略
  • 批准号:
    7933344
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 79.09万
  • 项目类别:
Multilevel HIV-Prevention Strategy for High-Risk Youth
高危青少年多层次艾滋病毒预防策略
  • 批准号:
    6843991
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 79.09万
  • 项目类别:
A Multilevel HIV-Prevention Strategy for High-Risk Youth
针对高危青少年的多层次艾滋病毒预防策略
  • 批准号:
    6953218
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 79.09万
  • 项目类别:
A Multilevel HIV-Prevention Strategy for High-Risk Youth
针对高危青少年的多层次艾滋病毒预防策略
  • 批准号:
    7274748
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 79.09万
  • 项目类别:
A Multilevel HIV-Prevention Strategy for High-Risk Youth
针对高危青少年的多层次艾滋病毒预防策略
  • 批准号:
    7114996
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 79.09万
  • 项目类别:
A Multilevel HIV-Prevention Strategy for High-Risk Youth
针对高危青少年的多层次艾滋病毒预防策略
  • 批准号:
    7488849
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 79.09万
  • 项目类别:
A Multilevel HIV-Prevention Strategy for High-Risk Youth
针对高危青少年的多层次艾滋病毒预防策略
  • 批准号:
    7865893
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 79.09万
  • 项目类别:

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