The Role of Bilingualism in Cognitive and Brain Resilience: Addressing the Complexity

双语在认知和大脑弹性中的作用：解决复杂性

• 批准号: 10582120
• 负责人: Jessica Anne Deleon
• 金额: $ 79.03万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-15 至 2028-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10582120
• 关键词: Address; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Area; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Brain; Caring; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Data; Dementia; Development; Diagnosis; Goals; Imaging Techniques; Individual; Knowledge; Language; Maintenance; Measures; Memory; Multimodal Imaging; Nerve Degeneration; Neuropsychology; Pathology; Pattern; Performance; Persons; Population; Positioning Attribute; Positron-Emission Tomography; Predisposition; Primary Progressive Aphasia; Prospective, cohort study; Research; Resistance; Role; Structure; Symptoms; Syndrome; Testing; Time; Variant; Visuospatial; bilingualism; cerebral atrophy; clinical care; clinical phenotype; cognitive performance; cohort; executive function; experience; gray matter; healthy aging; improved; insight; multidisciplinary; neural; neuroimaging; neuropathology; prevent; protective effect; resilience; social culture; sociocultural determinant; white matter

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT Bilingualism may protect against cognitive and brain changes in both healthy aging and Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) through enhanced executive functioning, arising from the need to constantly manage two or more languages. However, studies have yielded mixed results, and there remains an unknown role of bilingualism in 1) resistance to the development of neuropathology and in 2) resilience, the maintenance of cognition and/or brain structure in the presence of neuropathology burden. Further research to clarify the protective role of bilingualism in aging and ADRD is crucial and highly relevant, considering that over half of the world’s population and more than 20% of the US population speak two or more languages. This proposal will help clarify the role of bilingualism in healthy aging and in Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) by addressing the nuances underlying bilingualism, sociocultural factors, executive functioning, and dementia diagnoses. We hypothesize that bilingualism contributes to resistance and resilience through both network-specific (language and executive functioning) and domain-general effects, and its impact is moderated by bilingualism and sociocultural factors, type of executive functioning task, and AD variant. Our long-term goal is to develop a framework for bilingualism’s influence on resistance and resilience. We will leverage a well-characterized, prospectively studied cohort of monolingual and bilingual speakers at the UCSF Memory and Aging Center who span the range of healthy aging (N = 200) and AD variants (N = 400). This cohort is unique in its scope of longitudinal (2+ timepoints) neuropsychological, bilingualism/sociocultural, neuroimaging, and AD biomarker data. In Aim 1, we will determine which aspects of bilingualism contribute to a protective effect on executive functioning. We will group healthy aging and AD variant bilingual speakers based on bilingualism and sociocultural factors and assess for differences on cognitive measures and neuroimaging findings. In Aims 2 and 3, we will determine if bilingualism is associated with resistance and resilience by comparing monolingual and bilingual speakers within healthy aging and AD variant groups. We will test for differences between groups in grey matter (GM) volume and white matter (WM) integrity (Aim 2) and AD proteinopathy (Aim 3) and correlate the findings with performance on cognitive measures. We are well-suited to complete these aims given our exceptional multidisciplinary team with expertise in the neural underpinnings of language, clinical phenotyping of aging and AD, cognitive resilience, and multimodal imaging. Accomplishing these aims will significantly impact the field of ADRD research by give important insight into the neural basis of bilingualism and its influence on the trajectory of healthy aging and ADRD, thereby improving care for individuals with diverse language backgrounds.

项目摘要/摘要 双语可能会预防健康衰老和阿尔茨海默病患者的认知和大脑变化 和相关痴呆症(ADRD)，通过加强执行职能，产生于需要不断 管理两种或两种以上语言。然而，研究产生了好坏参半的结果，还有一个未知的问题 双语在1)抵抗神经病理学的发展和2)在韧性、维系 在存在神经病理负担的情况下，认知和/或脑结构的改变。进一步研究以澄清 双语在老龄化和ADRD中的保护作用是至关重要和高度相关的，因为超过一半的 世界人口和超过20%的美国人口会说两种或两种以上的语言。这项提议将 帮助澄清双语在健康老龄化和阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)中的作用 双语、社会文化因素、执行功能和痴呆症诊断的细微差别。我们 假设双语能力通过两种特定于网络的(语言)促进抵抗力和韧性 和执行功能)和领域普遍影响，其影响是缓和的双语和 社会文化因素、执行功能任务类型和AD变量。我们的长期目标是开发一种 双语对抵抗力和复原力的影响框架。我们将利用一个功能齐全的 加州大学旧金山分校记忆和衰老中心对单语和双语说话者的前瞻性研究 他们涵盖了健康老龄化(N=200)和AD变异体(N=400)。这一群体的范围是独一无二的 纵向(2个以上时间点)神经心理学、双语/社会文化、神经成像和AD生物标记物 数据。在目标1中，我们将确定双语的哪些方面有助于对执行人员的保护作用 功能正常。我们将根据双语能力对健康的老年人和AD变异型双语者进行分组 社会文化因素，并评估认知测量和神经成像结果的差异。在AIMS 2中 第三，我们将通过比较单语能力来确定双语能力是否与抵抗力和韧性有关 以及健康老龄化和AD变异组中的双语使用者。我们将测试不同组之间的差异 灰质(GM)体积和白质(WM)完整性(目标2)和阿尔茨海默病(AD蛋白质病)(目标3)和 将这些发现与认知测量的表现联系起来。我们完全有能力实现这些目标。 鉴于我们卓越的多学科团队在语言的神经基础方面拥有专业知识，临床 衰老和阿尔茨海默病的表型、认知弹性和多模式成像。实现这些目标将 通过对双语的神经基础的重要洞察，显著影响ADRD研究领域 及其对健康老龄化和ADRD轨迹的影响，从而改善对有 不同的语言背景。