Bilingualism as a protective factor of ADRD in American Indian adults: the Strong Heart Study

双语是美洲印第安人成人 ADRD 的保护因素：强心脏研究

• 批准号: 10582307
• 负责人: Celestina Barbosa-Leiker
• 金额: $ 52.66万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2028-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10582307
• 关键词: Acculturation; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; American; American Indians; Cognition; Cognitive; Communities; Crystallization; Data Collection; Dementia; Diagnosis; Education; Educational Status; Funding; Future; General Population; Generations; Geographic Locations; Heart; Impaired cognition; Individual; Interview; Language; Link; Liquid substance; Measurement; Measures; Modeling; Modification; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Not Hispanic or Latino; Persons; Population; Population Study; Prevalence; Prevention strategy; Public Health; Punishment; Questionnaires; Recording of previous events; Research; Risk; Risk Reduction; Role; Schools; Short-Term Memory; Socioeconomic Status; Standardization; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Vocabulary; Vulnerable Populations; Work; aged; attentional control; bilingualism; cerebrovascular; cofactor; cognitive performance; cognitive reserve; cognitive testing; cohort; comorbidity; experience; federal policy; improved; instrument; mental state; performance tests; protective factors; psychologic; recruit; response; rho; sex; skills; social; treatment strategy

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT American Indian populations have greater burden of cerebrovascular and Alzheimer’s disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) comorbidities compared with non-Hispanic White U.S. populations and may also have greater burden of cognitive decline and dementia. Bilingualism—common in American Indian communities— may enhance working memory capacity, attentional control, and cognitive reserve, thus reducing cognitive risk. However, bilingualism is a highly individual experience, and the context of use can modify its cognitive effects. Factors that may influence this association include age, sex, vocabulary, physical and mental status, socioeconomic status, culture, and social activity. Comprehensively assessing the relationship between bilingualism and cognitive performance may be critical to fully understanding ADRD in American Indian adults. Although the link between bilingualism and cognitive reserve has been studied in many populations, bilingualism research in American Indian populations has been limited, due in part to critical cofactors related to their experiences, perspectives, and standardized assessments. Unjust United States (U.S.) federal policies affecting American Indian people included forced attendance at English-speaking boarding schools where use of Native languages was punished, and cultural assimilation was prioritized over quality of education. As a result, bilingualism in American Indian adults who attended such schools may present differently than for other populations. Indeed, NIA (RFA-AG-23-001) defines bilingualism as “proficiency in two or more languages”, however no validated, detailed assessment of proficiency exists for U.S. Native languages, or for American Indian speakers of those languages. Our proposed study will be the first to culturally adapt a language use and history instrument in a large, heterogeneous American Indian population. In response to RFA-AG-23-001, we will leverage the Strong Heart Study, a large, longitudinal, heterogeneous, population-based study of aging in American Indian adults over 3 geographic regions (N=2,500). In this proposed work, we will build on this study, as well as our prior work, to assess the continuum of bilingualism in American Indian peoples by culturally adapting the Language History Questionnaire, evaluate bilingualism in American Indians of multiple generations in association with a detailed cognitive performance battery, and construct conceptual models to assess intervariable relationships including effect modification and moderation by crystallized cognition. This project will illuminate questions of public health significance in a vulnerable population that remains underrepresented in ADRD research, with potential implications for future prevention and treatment strategies.

项目总结/摘要 美洲印第安人的脑血管和阿尔茨海默病及相关疾病负担更大 与非西班牙裔白色美国人群相比，痴呆（ADRD）合并症也可能 认知能力下降和痴呆的负担更大。在美国印第安人社区中很常见的双语现象 可以增强工作记忆容量、注意力控制和认知储备，从而降低认知风险。 然而，双语是一种高度个性化的体验，使用的语境可以改变其认知效果。 可能影响这种关联的因素包括年龄、性别、词汇量、身体和精神状态， 社会经济地位、文化和社会活动。全面评估 双语和认知能力可能是至关重要的，以充分了解ADRD在美国印第安人成年人。 虽然双语和认知储备之间的联系已经在许多人群中进行了研究， 在美国印第安人中的双语研究一直是有限的，部分原因是与双语相关的关键辅助因子。 他们的经验，观点和标准化的评估。Unjust United States（美国）联邦政策 影响美国印第安人的问题包括强迫他们上讲英语的寄宿学校， 土著语言的使用受到惩罚，文化同化优先于教育质量。作为 因此，在美国印第安成年人谁参加了这样的学校双语可能会呈现不同的比其他人 人口。事实上，NIA（RFA-AG-23-001）将双语定义为“精通两种或两种以上语言”， 然而，对于美国本土语言或美国语言， 说这些语言的印度人。我们提出的研究将是第一个适应文化的语言使用， 历史工具在一个大的，异质的美洲印第安人人口。为了响应RFA-AG-23-001，我们 将利用强大的心脏研究，一个大型的，纵向的，异质的，以人口为基础的研究老化， 3个地理区域的美洲印第安成年人（N= 2，500）。在这项拟议的工作中，我们将在这项研究的基础上， 以及我们以前的工作，以评估双语的连续性，在美洲印第安人的文化 适应语言历史问卷，评估双语在美国印第安人的多种 代与详细的认知性能电池，并构建概念模型， 通过结晶认知评估变量间的关系，包括效应修正和调节。这 该项目将阐明仍然存在的脆弱人群中的公共卫生重要性问题， 在ADRD研究中代表性不足，对未来的预防和治疗策略有潜在的影响。