Arsenic, the Microbiome & Health Outcomes: Mechanisms to Methods of Intervention

砷，微生物组

• 批准号: 10582816
• 负责人: George A. O'Toole
• 金额: $ 40.15万
• 依托单位: DARTMOUTH COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-12-07 至 2027-10-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10582816
• 关键词: 12 year old; 3 year old; Address; Affect; Animals; Antibiotics; Arsenic; Back; Bacteroides; Birth; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell model; Child; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cohort Studies; Development; Enrollment; Environmental Epidemiology; Environmental Pollutants; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Feces; Food; Future; Goals; Health; Human; IL8 gene; Immune; Immune system; Immunity; In Vitro; Individual; Infant; Inflammation; Intervention; Intestines; Laboratories; Life; Link; Lung; Mediating; Metal exposure; Metals; Methods; Microbe; Molecular; Mothers; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; New Hampshire; Organoids; Outcome; Pattern; Pneumonia; Policies; Prevention; Probiotics; Propionates; Regulation; Resources; Respiratory Disease; Risk; Rural Community; Rural Population; Testing; Time; Toxic Environmental Substances; Training; Upper Respiratory Infections; Volatile Fatty Acids; Water; Wheezing; Work; bioinformatics tool; children with cystic fibrosis; dietary; drinking water; dysbiosis; early childhood; epidemiologic data; epigenome; epigenomics; gut microbiome; gut microbiota; insight; intestinal epithelium; lung health; metabolome; microbiome; microbiome alteration; microbiome composition; microbiome research; mouse model; novel; pulmonary function; respiratory health; risk mitigation; sex; toxic metal; toxicant

ABSTRACT The gut microbiome is directly impacted by metals exposure and changes in the gut microbiome affect downstream health. An individual’s microbiome also modifies the health effects of toxicants such as arsenic by transforming them into potentially more or less harmful substances. Thus, understanding the impacts of arsenic on the microbiome, and vice versa, is key to achievable prevention and interventions to mitigate the risk of arsenic to human health – a key goal of the NIEHS. Our team’s prior work using the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study, with ongoing enrollment and a projected size of 3,000 mother-infant dyads, identified an impact of toxic metals on the developing microbiome during the critical window of 0–3 years of age, when microbes are required for immune development. Specifically, our team showed both a sex-specific dysbiosis and a depletion of the immune-training microbe Bacteroides in arsenic-exposed infants/children. Importantly, this work revealed associations between arsenic exposure, changes in the microbiome, and early immune-mediated health outcomes, including respiratory disease. Our team’s recent work indicates a gut-lung link for arsenic-exposed infants depleted for Bacteroides, thus strongly supporting the hypothesis that gut microbiome composition is a key driver of airway health. This project will test the hypothesis that in the sensitive early-life window (0–3 years), when the developing immune system requires interaction with microbes, arsenic affects the developing microbiome, resulting in a paucity of Bacteroides and its secreted metabolites and ultimately associating with increased inflammation and risk of respiratory diseases such as wheeze, upper respiratory tract infection, and pneumonia later in life (out to 12 years of age). AIM 1. Test the hypotheses, using the longitudinal NHBCS and novel bioinformatic tools, that (i) early-life As exposures via food/water are related to sex-specific perturbations in the intestinal microbiome and (ii) the early- life intestinal microbiome modifies or mediates the effects of As exposure on respiratory health outcomes. AIM 2. Test the hypothesis that As enhances secretion of IL-8 from intestinal epithelia due to lack of a key Bacteroides-secreted short chain fatty acid, propionate, ultimately resulting from changes in the epigenome. AIM 3. Test the hypothesis that add-back of Bacteroides can reverse the effect of Bacteroides-depleted stool in a mouse model, thus serving as a proof-of-concept for probiotic interventions.

摘要 肠道微生物组直接受到金属暴露的影响，肠道微生物组的变化影响 下游健康一个人的微生物组也会通过以下方式改变砷等有毒物质对健康的影响： 将其转化为潜在的或多或少的有害物质。因此，了解砷的影响 对微生物组的影响，反之亦然，是可实现的预防和干预措施的关键， 砷对人类健康的影响-NIEHS的关键目标。我们团队之前使用新罕布什尔州出生队列的工作 一项正在进行的研究，预计有3,000名母婴配对，确定了有毒物质的影响， 在0-3岁的关键窗口期间，当需要微生物时， 促进免疫系统发育具体来说，我们的团队显示了性别特异性的生态失调和 砷暴露婴儿/儿童免疫训练微生物类杆菌重要的是，这项工作揭示了 砷暴露、微生物组变化和早期免疫介导的健康之间的关联 结果，包括呼吸系统疾病。我们团队最近的工作表明，砷暴露的肠-肺联系 婴儿耗尽类杆菌，因此强烈支持肠道微生物组组成是一个假设， 呼吸道健康的关键驱动因素。该项目将检验以下假设：在敏感的早期生命窗口（0-3岁）， 当发育中的免疫系统需要与微生物相互作用时， 微生物组，导致缺乏拟杆菌及其分泌的代谢产物，并最终与 增加炎症和呼吸道疾病的风险，如喘息、上呼吸道感染，以及 肺炎在以后的生活（12岁）。 AIM 1.测试假设，使用纵向NHBCS和新的生物信息学工具，即（i）早期生命As 通过食物/水的暴露与肠道微生物组中的性别特异性扰动有关，以及（ii）早期- 生活肠道微生物组修改或介导的影响，作为暴露对呼吸系统健康的结果。 AIM 2.检验砷由于缺乏关键的免疫调节因子而增强肠上皮细胞分泌IL-8的假设。 拟杆菌-分泌短链脂肪酸，丙酸，最终由表观基因组的变化引起。 AIM 3.检验类杆菌回加可以逆转类杆菌耗尽粪便的作用的假设， 小鼠模型，从而作为益生菌干预的概念验证。