Biological vector borne transmission of Salmonella by cockroaches

蟑螂通过生物媒介传播沙门氏菌

• 批准号: 10586916
• 负责人: Jose Enrique Pietri
• 金额: $ 37.2万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH DAKOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-11-01 至 2027-10-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10586916
• 关键词: Address; Adhesions; Adult; Antibiotic Resistance; Area; Bacteria; Bacterial Genes; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Phenomena; Biological Process; Biology; Category B pathogen; Cells; Communicable Diseases; Complex; Data; Development; Diarrhea; Dictyoptera; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Enteral; Environment; Escherichia coli; Event; Evolution; Exhibits; Feces; Fluorescence Microscopy; Functional disorder; Gastrointestinal tract structure; Gene Expression; Genes; German population; Gnotobiotic; Human; Image; Infection; Infection prevention; Ingestion; Insecta; Intake; Integration Host Factors; Interphase; Invaded; Laboratories; Life Style; Link; Location; Longevity; Mechanics; Membrane; Microbial Biofilms; Microscopy; Modeling; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; Nature; Nymph; Population; Process; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase PCR; RNA Interference; Research Project Grants; Role; Salmonella; Salmonella typhimurium; Severities; Shapes; Site; System; Testing; Tissues; Up-Regulation; Virulence; Vomiting; Work; antimicrobial; antimicrobial peptide; colonization resistance; diarrheal disease; gut colonization; gut microbiota; high risk; improved; insight; interest; knock-down; mortality; mutant; novel; pathogen; pathogenic bacteria; spatiotemporal; tool; trait; transmission process; vector; vector-borne

PROJECT SUMMARY The German cockroach, Blattella germanica, is the most common pestiferous cockroach species in human environments. B. germanica contributes to the transmission of bacteria that cause enteric (diarrheal) disease, including Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, but the mechanisms of transmission are not well understood. Enteric bacterial pathogen transmission by cockroaches has previously been described as mechanical in nature. Mechanical transmission is a passive, non-replicative transfer of bacteria from one location or host to another. This mechanism is limited in impact relative to active biological transmission. However, recent data from our laboratory indicate that transmission of S. Typhimurium by German cockroaches is markedly more complex than simple mechanical transmission and instead resembles biological transmission by other insects that intake bacteria from infected hosts and are subsequently colonized, enabling active and prolonged shedding and transmission. In particular, we have observed that following ingestion, S. Typhimurium undergoes a lifestyle change and multiple replication events in the digestive tract of the German cockroach. Furthermore, we have identified several S. Typhimurium genes that are necessary for bacterial colonization and shedding from the gut of B. germanica, evidencing an active role of the bacteria. The central objective of the proposed research project is to gain a detailed understanding of the mechanisms of biological vector-borne transmission of S. Typhimurium by the German cockroach. Three independent specific aims are proposed. First, we will elucidate the fine spatiotemporal details of wild-type S. Typhimurium colonization and shedding in nymph and adult cockroaches. Second, leveraging an unparalleled array of mutant S. Typhimurium strains, we will identify specific bacterial genes and functions that are necessary for colonization of cockroaches and subsequent transmission. Third, we will determine the effects of two key host factors, namely antimicrobial effectors and the gut microbiota, on S. Typhimurium colonization and shedding. Together, the proposed studies will establish a picture of how bacterial and host factors interact to shape biological transmission of S. Typhimurium by the German cockroach, providing fundamental insight into the dynamics of a unique, poorly studied vector-pathogen system with a global distribution and public health impact.

项目概要 德国小蠊（Blattella germanica）是人类最常见的害虫蟑螂。 环境。德国芽孢杆菌有助于传播引起肠道（腹泻）疾病的细菌， 包括肠沙门氏菌鼠伤寒血清型，但传播机制尚不清楚 明白了。蟑螂的肠道细菌病原体传播先前被描述为 本质上是机械的。机械传播是细菌从一个位置的被动、非复制性转移 或托管另一个。相对于活跃的生物传播，这种机制的影响有限。然而，最近 我们实验室的数据表明，德国小蠊传播鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的几率明显更高 比简单的机械传播更复杂，而是类似于其他昆虫的生物传播 从受感染的宿主中吸收细菌并随后定植，从而实现主动和长期的脱落 和传输。特别是，我们观察到，摄入后，鼠伤寒沙门氏菌会经历一种生活方式 德国小蠊消化道的变化和多次复制事件。此外，我们还有 鉴定了几种鼠伤寒沙门氏菌基因，这些基因对于细菌定植和从肠道中脱落是必需的 德国芽孢杆菌，证明了该细菌的积极作用。拟议研究项目的中心目标 旨在详细了解鼠伤寒沙门氏菌生物媒介传播的机制 德国小蠊。提出了三个独立的具体目标。首先我们先来解释一下罚款 野生型鼠伤寒沙门氏菌在若虫和成年蟑螂中定植和脱落的时空细节。 其次，利用一系列无与伦比的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌突变株，我们将鉴定特定的细菌 蟑螂定植和随后传播所必需的基因和功能。第三，我们 将确定两个关键宿主因素（即抗菌效应物和肠道微生物群）对金黄色葡萄球菌的影响。 鼠伤寒菌定植和脱落。总之，拟议的研究将建立一幅细菌如何 和宿主因素相互作用，影响德国小蠊对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的生物传播，提供 对独特的、研究不足的媒介病原体系统的动力学的基本洞察 分布和公共卫生影响。